DEVELOPMENT OF HEMISPHERIC SPECIALIZATION IN CAPUCHIN MONKEYS (CEBUS APELLA)

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 这个项目的目的是研究卷尾猴从出生到成年早期的大脑发育和偏侧行为发展之间的联系。除了Cebus在出生后表现出异常快速的大脑发育和运动技能发展之外，人们对Cebus的大脑发育和相应的行为和认知发育知之甚少。出生后大脑发育的这一较长时期提供了行为经验影响神经发育和组织的可能性。本项目将为CEBUS大脑的正常成熟以及经验在影响神经组织中的作用提供重要的数据。我们将使用磁共振成像(MRI)和弥散张量成像(DTI)来检查由于长期的认知和运动任务经验而导致的穹隆体形态和地形图的变化。大脑发育将通过每隔6个月进行一次结构MRI和DTI来量化，从出生1周到成年。我们将使用弥散张量成像技术在体内绘制卷尾猴胼胝体的解剖连通性图。 在这些人中，每周都会进行各种粗大运动和精细运动评估(包括偏侧行为)。粗大运动和精细运动评估将遵循马伦早期学习量表。在执行几项运动任务，包括抓取、双手进食和协调双手任务时，还将对个体的手偏好进行特征描述。由于大多数关于灵长类动物早期经历及其对神经发育的影响的研究都集中在不利的社会经历上，我们拟议的研究将提供一种独特的方式来检验与运动学习有关的神经连接。 我们将评估偏侧化和非偏侧化受试者在CC的功能解剖上是否存在差异。我们假设，偏侧化的受试者将在CC的组织结构上表现出差异，特别是在前部区域(投射到前额叶、运动前和辅助运动以及运动皮质)。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The purpose of this project is to examine the link between brain development and development of lateralized behavior in capuchin monkeys from birth to early adulthood. Little is known about Cebus brain development and corresponding behavioral and cognitive development, outside of the fact that this species displays unusually fast postnatal brain growth and motor skill development. This extended period of postnatal brain development provides for the possibility of behavioral experiences to influence neural development and organization. The present project will provide important data about the normal maturation of Cebus brains and the role of experience in influencing neural organization. We will use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine changes in morphology and topography of the corpus callosum as a result of long-term experience with cognitive and motor tasks. Brain development will be quantified by obtaining structural MRI and DTI at 6 month intervals, from the age of 1 week to adulthood. We will map the anatomical connectivity of the corpus callosum in capuchin monkeys in vivo using DTI. Various gross motor and fine motor assessments (including lateralized behavior) will occur weekly in these same individuals. Gross motor and fine motor assessment will follow the Mullen Scales of Early Learning. Individuals will also be characterized for hand preference while performing several motor tasks, including grasping, bimanual feeding and a coordinated bimanual task. As most studies of early experiences and the resulting effects on neurological development in primates have focused on adverse social experiences, our proposed research will provide a unique way to examine neural connectivity involved in motor learning. We will evaluate whether lateralized and non-lateralized subjects differ in the functional anatomy of the CC. We hypothesize that lateralized subjects will show differences in the organization of the CC, especially in anterior regions (projections to prefrontal, premotor and supplementary motor, and motor cortices).