Pediatric Template of Brain Perfusion

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要/摘要拟议项目的主题是开发一个功能模板或图集的基础上定量脑血流量（CBF）测量使用动脉自旋标记（ASL）灌注磁共振成像（MRI）的发展中的大脑。 脑实质灌注是评价和治疗脑疾病的重要生理参数，也是神经活动的替代指标。 由于与依赖放射性同位素和造影剂的现有灌注测量方法相关的安全性问题和技术困难，此类信息在儿科人群中很少。 ASL灌注MRI非常适合儿科灌注成像，因为它是完全无创的，并且由于儿童大脑的独特生理特性而提供高图像质量。 绝对CBF定量的能力是ASL用于跟踪神经发育变化的纵向研究的另一个理想特征。 通过NIMH资助的一个试点人脑项目（R21-MH 072576，PI：Wang），我们已经确定了使用ASL进行儿科灌注MRI的可行性，并证明了健康儿童的CBF发育轨迹以及临床前和临床儿科人群的灌注畸变。 拟议的R 01项目代表了利用ASL灌注MRI解决儿童大脑功能发育的持续和系统性努力。 我们将首先建立重测重复性，并确定最佳ASL技术沿着成像参数，以构建儿科灌注模板。 儿童ASL CBF测量的准确性将使用通过相位对比MRI技术确定的大脑总流量进行验证。 在接下来的4年里，我们将在基线ASL灌注测量的基础上开发7-16岁健康儿童脑灌注的规范性发育模板。 在最后一个目标中，我们将描述的定量CBF的变化，响应一个良好的特征化的认知范式-工作记忆任务-使用并发ASL和BOLD（血氧水平依赖）功能磁共振成像范式。 一旦开发出来，儿科灌注模板不仅将揭示大脑功能随年龄的演变，而且还将为未来的发育神经科学研究以及儿童大脑疾病的临床研究提供宝贵的资源和参考系统。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract The theme of the proposed project is to develop a functional template or atlas of the developing brain based on quantitative cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements using arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Parenchymal perfusion is an important physiologic parameter in the evaluation and management of brain disorders as well as a surrogate index of neural activity. Such information has been sparse in the pediatric population due to the safety concerns and technical difficulties associated with existing methods to measure perfusion that rely on radioisotopes and contrast agents. ASL perfusion MRI is ideally suited for pediatric perfusion imaging, because it is totally noninvasive and provides high image quality due to unique physiologic properties of a child brain. The capability for absolute CBF quantification is another desirable feature of ASL for longitudinal studies to follow neurodevelopmental changes. Through a pilot Human Brain Project funded by NIMH (R21- MH072576, PI: Wang), we have established the feasibility of pediatric perfusion MRI using ASL, and demonstrated the developmental trajectory of CBF in healthy children as well as perfusion aberrations in pre-clinical and clinical pediatric populations. The proposed R01 project represents a continued and systematic effort to address the functional development of a child brain utilizing ASL perfusion MRI. We will first establish the test-retest repeatability and determine the optimal ASL technique along with imaging parameters for constructing the pediatric perfusion template. The accuracy of ASL CBF measurement in children will be validated using global flow rate to the brain determined by phase contrast MRI technique. In the following 4 years, we will develop the normative developmental template of brain perfusion in healthy children aged 7-16 based on ASL perfusion measurements at baseline. In the last aim, we will characterize the quantitative CBF changes in response to a well-characterized cognitive paradigm - working memory tasks - using a concurrent ASL and BOLD (blood-oxygen-level- dependent) fMRI paradigm. Once developed, the pediatric perfusion template will not only shed light on the evolution of brain function with age, but will also provide a valuable resource and reference system for future developmental neuroscience studies as well as clinical studies on childhood brain disorders.