Alcohol Stimulation and Sedation in Binge Drinkers

摘要 长期酗酒是我国的一个主要健康和安全问题。的不利影响 这种过度使用在生命损失、生产力、事故和危害方面普遍存在。是谁的人 长期大量饮酒(即每周或更频繁地喝5杯或更多的酒)会招致 如果他们保持危险的饮酒水平，并且病情恶化的风险增加，后果会更严重 与不酗酒的人相比，酒精依赖的风险更大。拟议的续期申请的目标是 以第一阶段的调查结果为基础，进一步阐明与升级和 坚持过量饮酒。在第一个获奖阶段，我们支持这样的假设 酗酒的社交饮酒者在升血过程中对酒精的积极和有益影响更加敏感 酒精浓度，对镇静作用和皮质醇对酒精的反应也不太敏感 与少量饮酒的人相比。对兴奋剂样作用的敏感性和对镇静剂样作用的耐受性 在基线之后的头两年，酒精与酗酒的频率更高有关 实验室会议。在这次续签申请中，我们建议招募和测试第二批100名硬盘，以 将样本大小增加到N=290(204名重度饮酒者和86名轻度饮酒者)。在目标1中，我们将研究急性呼吸综合征的作用 酒精反应(刺激、镇静、想要、皮质醇、表现指标等)为未来的饮酒干杯 随时间推移的行为。在目标2中，我们建议在最初的五年后重新检查酒精反应 在第一组受试者中，从最后一个获奖期开始确定。这些数据将辨别酒精是否 反应随着时间的推移而不同，在谁身上，如果在这段时间内饮酒缓解了 基线与复查反应之间的关系。研究范式提供了一种独特的 翻译关注密集的实验室数据，并结合长期的前瞻性跟踪。我们会 确定对类兴奋剂酒精效应的敏感性、对类镇静剂的耐受性的相对贡献 效果和客观反应(皮质醇、表现、心率等)随着时间的推移未来的饮酒模式。 这些信息可能会对早期识别高危饮酒者和因素产生重要影响 潜在的危险饮酒做法，以改进预防、教育和早期干预努力。

Abstract Chronic binge drinking represents a major health and safety problem in our country. The adverse effects of this excessive use are widespread in terms of loss of life, productivity, accidents and harm. Persons who are chronic, heavy alcohol drinkers (i.e., consume 5 or more drinks on a weekly or more frequent basis) incur greater consequences if they maintain hazardous drinking levels and are also at increased risk for progression to Alcohol Dependence compared with non heavy drinkers. The goal of the proposed renewal application is to build on findings from the first phase to further elucidate the factors associated with escalation and maintenance of excessive ethanol drinking. In the first award phase, we supported the hypothesis that heavy binge social drinkers are more sensitive to the positive and rewarding effects of alcohol during rising blood alcohol concentrations, and are also less sensitive to sedating effects and cortisol response to alcohol compared with light drinkers. Sensitivity to the stimulant-like effects and tolerance to sedative-like effects of alcohol were associated with greater frequency of binge drinking over the first two years after the baseline laboratory sessions. In this renewal application, we propose to recruit and test a second cohort of 100 HDs, to increase sample size to N=290 (204 heavy and 86 light drinkers). In Aim 1, we will examine the role of acute alcohol responses (stimulation, sedation, wanting, cortisol, performance measures, etc.) to future drinking behaviors over time. In Aim 2, we propose to re-examine alcohol response five years after the initial determination from the last award period in the first cohort of subjects. The data will discern whether alcohol responses vary over time, and in whom, and if alcohol drinking in the intervening period moderates the relationship between baseline and re-examination response. The study paradigm provides a unique translational focus on intensive laboratory data combined with long-term prospective follow-up. We will determine the relative contributions of sensitivity to stimulant-like alcohol effects, tolerance to sedative-like effects, and objective responses (cortisol, performance, heart rate, etc.) to future drinking patterns over time. Such information may have important impact on the early identification of at-risk drinkers and the factors underlying hazardous drinking practices to improve prevention, education, and early intervention efforts.