Uniform Naturalistic Teenage Driving Data Set

一个数据缺口是缺乏关于青少年新手驾驶风险的信息。机动车碰撞是青少年受伤和死亡的主要原因。自然主义的青少年驾驶研究(NTDS)产生了关于青少年驾驶风险的新的重要信息，包括与撞车和险些相撞以及危险驾驶相关的因素(Simons-Morton等人，2011a)； 使用安装在研究参与者车辆上的数据记录设备对危险驾驶的客观测量，NTDS证实了青少年新手司机相对于成年人来说撞车几率更高。具体地说，十几岁的新手司机的撞车/险些撞车(CNC)率是成年人(驾驶相同车辆的父母)的近四倍，运动危险驾驶(例如，重力事件发生率升高)的比率几乎是成年人的五倍(Simons-Morton等，2011b)。此外，我们还发现，对于十几岁的司机来说，当从事电话拨号、发短信、吃饭和伸手拿东西等次要任务时，发生CNC的可能性明显更高(Klaer等人，正在审查中)。然而，NTDS是基于42名青少年和54名成年人的小样本，因此需要用更大的样本重复和确认分析。例如，显示每月运动危险驾驶比率预测下个月发生CNC的可能性的分析，通常会在随后的分析中得到更大和更多样化的样本的验证(Simons-Morton等人，2012年)。此外，以前的分析是有限的，因为NTDS青少年司机暴露在某些驾驶条件下，例如下雨、高速公路和青少年乘客，对于稳定的分析来说太有限了，但可以通过更大的样本来完成。另外两项自然主义研究是基于与NTDS相同的技术，使用加速计、GPS和摄像头对青少年司机样本进行的，这些研究提供了关于高重力事件发生率、数控频率、二次任务参与度和超速的信息，第一项是NICHD资助的监督实践驾驶研究(SPDS)，评估了82名青少年司机和112名成年司机的样本。第二项是由运输研究委员会(TRB)赞助的战略公路研究计划2(SHRP2)研究。SHRP2评估了美国四个地理区域的司机样本，包括200名16-17岁、18-20岁、21-25岁和35-45岁的司机。SHRP2的数据是公开的，这为研究青少年驾驶事故风险提供了前所未有的机会。考虑到NTDS的生产力和从中获得的经验，PRB的研究人员处于独特的地位，通过结合这三个数据来源(NTDS、SPDS、SHRP2)来利用可用的自然驾驶数据，创建一个包含大约324名青少年和374名成年司机的数据集，从而能够对青少年驾驶风险进行明确分析

One data gap is the lack of information about novice teenage driving risk. Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury and death among adolescents. The Naturalistic Teenage Driving Study (NTDS) yielded new and important information about teenage driving risk, including factors associated with crash and near crashes and risky driving (Simons-Morton et al., 20lla); Using objective measures of risky driving from data recording devices installed in study participants' vehicles, NTDS confirmed novice teen drivers' elevated crash rates, relative to adults. Specifically, novice teenage drivers have nearly four times the crash/near crash (CNC) rates and nearly five times higher rates of kinematic risky driving (e.g., elevated gravitational force event rates) of adults (parents driving the same vehicles (Simons-Morton et al., 2011b). Also, we found that the likelihood of a CNC was significantly higher for teenage drivers when engaging in secondary tasks such as telephone dialing, texting, eating, and reaching for objects (Klauer et al., under review). However, the NTDS was based on a small sample of 42 teens and 54 adults, hence there is a need to replicate and confirm analyses with larger samples. For example, analyses showing that monthly kinematic risky driving rates predict the likelihood of a CNC In the subsequent month are the sort that are typically verified in subsequent analyses with larger and more diverse samples (Simons-Morton et al., 2012). Also, previous analyses were limited because NTDS teenage driver exposure to certain driving conditions, for example, rain, highways, and teenage passengers, were too limited for stable analyses, but could be done with a larger sample. Two additional naturalistic studies have been conducted with teenage driver samples based on the same technology as the NTDS, with accelerometers, GPS, and cameras, which provide information about elevated g-force event rates, CNC rates, secondary task engagement, and speeding, The first is the NICHD-funded Supervised Practice Driving Study (SPDS) that assessed a sample of 82 teenage and 112 adult drivers. The second Is the Strategic Highway Research Program 2 (SHRP2) study, sponsored by the Transportation Research Board (TRB). SHRP2 assessed samples of drivers in four geographic regions of the US, including <200 16-17, 18-20, 21-25, and 35-45 year olds. The SHRP2 data are publicly available, and provide an unprecedented opportunity to examine teenage driver crash risk. Given the productivity of the NTDS and the experience gained from it, PRB researchers are uniquely positioned to leverage the available naturalistic driving data by combining these three sources of data (NTDS, SPDS, SHRP2) to create a dataset of approximately 324 teenage and 374 adult drivers that would enable definitive analysis of teenage driving risk