Rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella from blood, food and feces

描述(由申请人提供)：伤寒和副伤寒的致病菌伤寒沙门氏菌和副伤寒B伤寒沙门氏菌A和B是许多卫生条件差、水和食物被人类排泄物污染的国家发病和死亡的重要原因。长期以来，非伤寒沙门氏菌(NTS)一直被认为是胃肠炎的原因之一，在美国和全球，人们越来越多地认识到，多重耐药菌株也正在成为侵袭性菌血症和局部感染的重要原因，导致住院和死亡。现行检测和鉴定沙门氏菌的金标准方法。是一种耗时、费力的细菌培养，通常需要将菌株送到参考实验室进行血清型鉴定。迫切需要一种灵敏和特异的快速诊断试验来检测血液、食物和粪便中的沙门氏菌。这项研究方案验证了超高速、高灵敏度的微波加速金属增强荧光(MAMEF)技术可以用于检测沙门氏菌的假设。不到两分钟。我们的目标是使用这项技术从血液、食物和粪便中检测任何沙门氏菌，特别是伤寒沙门氏菌、副伤寒沙门氏菌A以及非伤寒沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌。我们预计，这种方法将比传统的微生物方法更快、更具成本效益。如果成功，未来的快速诊断测试将有助于监测工作，以确定病例(由伤寒或非伤寒沙门氏菌引起)，减轻侵袭性沙门氏菌病的负担(特别是在以前接受抗生素治疗的患者中)，并在食品工业中用于识别受沙门氏菌污染的食品。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and S. enterica serovars Paratyphi A and B, the causative agents of typhoid and paratyphoid fever, are important causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries with poor sanitation and water and food contaminated by human fecal waste. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) have long been known to be a cause of gastroenteritis and it is becoming increasingly recognized, both in the USA and globally, that multiple antibiotic-resistant strains are also emerging as important causes of invasive bacteremia and focal infections, resulting in hospitalizations and deaths. The current gold standard method for detection and identification of Salmonella spp. is bacterial culture which is time-consuming, laborious and often requires strains to be sent to a reference laboratory for serovar identification. There is a pressing need for a sensitive and specific rapid diagnostic test to detect Salmonella in blood, food and feces. This research proposal tests the hypothesis that the ultra-fast, highly sensitive microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence (MAMEF) technology can be used to detect Salmonella spp. in less than 2 minutes. We aim to use this technology to detect any Salmonella and specifically the typhoidal serovars S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A, and the non-typhoidal serovars S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis from blood, food, and feces. We anticipate that this approach will be much faster and more cost-effective than traditional microbiological methods. If successful, a future rapid diagnostic test will be useful in surveillance efforts to identify cases (due to typhoidal or non-typhoidal Salmonella), to refine the burden of invasive Salmonella disease (particularly in patients who previously received antibiotics) and in the food industry to identify food contaminated with Salmonella.