Life Course Socioeconomics, Acculturation, & Type-2 Diabetes Risk Among Latinos

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国的拉丁美洲人承担着不成比例的2型糖尿病负担。研究表明，生命过程中的社会经济地位是慢性疾病（如2型糖尿病）发展的主要因素;但大多数证据仅限于非西班牙裔白色人群。我们假设，拉丁美洲人中2型糖尿病的巨大差异反映了社会经济因素、文化特征、行为、生物学和其他风险因素在不同年龄段积累的代际传递的共同作用。 生命历程拉丁美洲人在美国的经历代表了一个特别富有成效的背景， 探讨生命历程中社会经济和文化资源对2型糖尿病的影响。除了是增长最快的少数民族人口，肥胖和2型糖尿病的发病率很高之外，拉丁美洲人的经历还包括教育和工作技能有限的第一代移民，以及在美国出生和长大的后代，他们表现出不同程度的文化适应和同化，行为变化和社会经济进步。考虑到这些独特的因素，本研究旨在：（1）检查生活过程中的社会经济地位对2型糖尿病的拉丁美洲人的影响;（2）评估文化适应是否修改生活过程中的社会经济地位对2型糖尿病的拉丁美洲人的影响;和3）检查是否与行为，生理，和心理社会风险因素介导的关系，生活过程中的社会经济地位，文化适应，2型糖尿病之间的拉丁美洲人。拟议的研究活动将构成第一次系统性的尝试，以评估生命历程的社会经济地位和文化适应对拉丁美洲人2型糖尿病的独特和协同作用的贡献。通过评估生活在美国的两代拉丁美洲人的生命历程暴露，该项目提供了一个前所未有的机会，以确定早期干预的目标，以减少拉丁美洲人2型糖尿病的沉重负担。更广泛地说，拟议的研究可能会揭示风险因素或健康促进特征的关键生命过程社会经济和文化模式，这些特征也可能使其他种族/少数民族不成比例地生活在贫困中并患有2型糖尿病。 公共卫生相关性：这项拟议的研究将评估生命历程的社会经济地位和文化适应对2型糖尿病的影响，并在两代美国拉丁美洲人中研究潜在的生物介质，包括炎症。这项研究的结果将具有重要的公共卫生意义，包括确定关键的风险因素和生物机制，介导生活过程社会文化背景对美国几代拉丁美洲人2型糖尿病的影响。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Latinos in the US carry a disproportionate burden of type-2 diabetes. Research has implicated life course socioeconomic position as a major factor in the development of chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes; yet most evidence is limited to non-Hispanic White populations. We hypothesize that the large disparities in type-2 diabetes among Latinos reflects the joint effect of intergenerational transmission of socioeconomic factors, cultural characteristics, behaviors, biology, and other risk factors accumulating over the life course. The experience of Latinos in the US represents an especially fruitful context in which to investigate the influence of life course socioeconomic and cultural resources in relation to type-2 diabetes. In addition to being the fastest growing minority population with high rates of obesity and type-2 diabetes, the experience of Latinos is one that includes first generation immigrants with limited education and job skills, and later generations who are born and raised in the US and show varying levels of acculturation and assimilation, behavioral change, and socioeconomic advancement. With these unique considerations in mind, the present study seeks to: (1) examine the impact of life course socioeconomic position on type-2 diabetes among Latinos; (2) assess whether acculturation modifies the impact of life course socioeconomic position on type-2 diabetes among Latinos; and 3) examine whether metabolic and inflammatory markers related to behavioral, physiological, and psychosocial risk factors mediate the relationships between life course socioeconomic position, acculturation, and type-2 diabetes among Latinos. The proposed research activity will constitute the first systematic attempt to assess the unique and synergistic contributions of life course socioeconomic position and acculturation on type 2 diabetes among Latinos. By assessing life course exposures across two generations of Latinos living in the US, this project provides an unprecedented opportunity to identify targets for early intervention for reducing the heavy burden of type-2 diabetes among Latinos. More broadly, the proposed research may uncover crucial life course socioeconomic and cultural patterning of risk factors or health promoting characteristics that may also benefit other race/ethnic minorities disproportionately living in poverty and suffering from type-2 diabetes. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed study will assess the impact of life course socioeconomic position and acculturation on type-2 diabetes and examine potential biological mediators, including inflammation, among two generations of US Latinos. The findings from this study will have important public health implications, including identification of critical risk facors and biological mechanisms mediating the effects of life course sociocultural contexts on type-2 diabetes across generations of US Latinos.