fMRI and Treatment Response with Binge Drinking Adolescents

描述(由申请人提供)：虽然许多广泛使用的、有经验支持的酒精治疗，包括激励性访谈，在减少酒精使用行为方面表现出了希望，但MI在发育轨迹上的结果要模糊得多。这意味着，虽然MI是为数不多的在年轻人中显示出希望的酒精治疗之一，但需要注意了解如何加强这个年龄段的酒精治疗结果。根据NIAAA PAR-14-051，改善青少年治疗结果的一种方法是使用“……转化研究[以]确定潜在的神经生物学过程……在特定‘活性成分’和酒精使用治疗结果之间的直接联系。”因此，我们建议使用一种尖端的翻译方法来连接基础生物学和行为研究领域。我们将使用功能磁共振成像(FMRI)来评估基于大脑的(BOLD)反应如何调节会话中的显著活性成分(治疗师行为)和青少年酒精使用治疗结果(问题饮酒)之间的联系。为了实现这些目标，我们将招募243名当前的青少年酗酒者(14-19岁，过去一个月有4次酗酒事件)参加这种酒精治疗(2 x 1小时的MI)。与PAR-14-051一致，这项研究将以几种方式催化青少年酒精治疗领域的进展。首先，它将确定经验支持的酒精治疗中显著的活性成分如何引发神经认知变化。其次，它将确定一旦年轻人离开治疗师的办公室，神经认知反应将如何与他们的行为变化直接相关。第三，这项研究将为青少年成瘾领域的新的翻译研究铺平道路。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While many widely-used, empirically-supported alcohol treatments, including motivational interviewing, show promise in reducing alcohol use behaviors, MI has much more equivocal results down the developmental trajectory. Meaning, while MI is one of the few alcohol treatments that shows promise with youth, attention is needed to understand how to strengthen alcohol treatment outcomes for this age group. In line with NIAAA PAR-14-051, one route to improving treatment outcomes for youth is through using "...translational research [to] identify potential neurobiological...processes that....mediate the direct link between specific 'active ingredients' and alcohol use treatment outcomes." We are therefore proposing to use a cutting-edge translational approach to bridge the fields of basic biological and behavioral research. We will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate how brain-based (BOLD) response mediates the link between salient within session active ingredients (therapist behaviors) and adolescents' alcohol use treatment outcomes (problem drinking). To achieve these aims, we will enroll 243 current adolescent binge drinkers (14-19 year olds, with > 4 past month binge drinking events) in this alcohol treatment (2 x 1-hour sessions of MI). Consistent with PAR-14-051, this study will catalyze movement in the field of adolescent alcohol treatment in several ways. First, it will establish how salient active ingredients within an empirically-supported alcohol treatment initiate neurocognitive changes. Second, it will determine how that neurocognitive response will directly relate to behavior change in youth once they leave the therapist's office. Third, this study will begin to pave the way for new translational studies in the field of adolescent addiction.