Using binaural beat sensitivity to describe mechanisms that may enhance binaural interactions in single-sided-deafness cochlear-implant patients

项目总结/摘要 单侧耳聋（SSD）患者报告在理解语音和定位方面存在显著困难 声音，特别是当声音起源于聋的一边。最近，一些SSD患者接受了 人工耳蜗植入（CI）。目前的适配策略旨在通过最大化语音感知， 通过在电极阵列上分配所有光谱信息，而不考虑音调定位放置， 沿着沿着的每个电极。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个新的装修理念， 用一只听觉耳朵，其中CI地图被设计成最好地补充来自听觉系统的信息。 听力正常（NH）耳。目的1：研究双耳颞叶包络搏动的机制 使用带通滤波脉冲串的NH收听者的灵敏度，所述带通滤波脉冲串具有包括刺激水平、滤波器 带宽、滤波器斜率和使用带通滤波脉冲串的频谱重叠。我们找到最小值 基线ITD和频谱失配，NH听众可以容忍，同时保持他们的能力，以检测ITD。 新的和有经验的SSD+CI听众将完成类似的任务，结果将用于调整他们的 CI映射，以减少NH和CI耳之间的频率失配。在目标2中，我们将测量 噪声中的声音定位和语音理解，以与标准临床地图进行性能比较 而新的实验地图基于更接近的耳间光谱匹配。业绩将被衡量 以确保足够的曝光并留出时间进行调整。在本地化任务中，我们提出 听众的刺激设计分离的相对贡献的耳间水平差异和耳间 SSD+CI患者的时间差异。在第一个噪声中的语音实验中，我们将测量语音 识别性能在三个空间配置使用两个掩蔽类型：语音形状的噪声和两个， 说话者的胡言乱语。通过采用能量（噪音）和信息（两个说话者的胡言乱语）掩蔽，我们将测试 假设由频率-位置图产生的定位改善上级 标准临床图，特别是在双耳益处超出“更好的耳朵”性能， 包括信息掩蔽占主导地位的复杂听力情况。本研究的结果 将提供关于SSD患者CI双耳相互作用的新信息，并可能提供新的 更成功的方法来拟合CI的情况下，有相当大的剩余听力存在于 对侧耳

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Patients with single-sided deafness (SSD) report significant difficulty understanding speech and localizing sound, especially when the sounds originate on the deaf side. Recently, some SSD patients have received a cochlear implant (CI) in their deaf ear. Current fitting strategies aim to maximize speech perception through the CI alone by allocating all spectral information across the electrode array without regard to tonotopic placement of each electrode along the basilar membrane. In this study, we propose a new fitting philosophy for patients with one acoustic-hearing ear, whereby CI maps are designed to best complement information from the normal-hearing (NH) ear. In Aim 1, we investigate the mechanisms of binaural temporal-envelope beat sensitivity in NH listeners using bandpass filtered pulse trains with parameters including stimulus level, filter bandwidth, filter slope, and spectral overlap using bandpass filtered pulse trains. We find the minimum baseline ITD and spectral mismatch that NH listeners can tolerate while maintaining their ability to detect ITDs. New and experienced SSD+CI listeners will complete similar tasks and the results will be used to adjust their CI maps in an effort to reduce the frequency-mismatch between the NH and CI ear. In Aim 2, we will measure sound localization and speech understanding in noise to compare performance with the standard clinical map and the new experimental map based on a closer between-ear spectral match. Performance will be measured over time to ensure sufficient exposure and allow time for adjustment. In the localization task, we present listeners with stimuli designed to separate the relative contributions of interaural level differences and interaural time differences in SSD+CI patients. In the first speech-in-noise experiment, we will measure speech recognition performance in three spatial configurations using two masker types: speech-shaped noise and two- talker babble. By employing both energetic (noise) and informational (two-talker babble) maskers, we will test the hypothesis that improvement in localization produced by a frequency-to-place maps are superior to standard clinical maps especially in cases where the binaural benefit goes beyond “better ear” performance to encompass complex listening situations where informational masking dominates. The outcomes of this study will provide new information on binaural interactions in SSD patients with a CI, and may provide a new and more successful approach to fitting a CI in cases where considerable residual hearing exists in the contralateral ear.