Role of proviral loci in HIV latency

 描述(申请人提供)：艾滋病毒在治疗期间持续多年，当治疗停止时，通常会恢复到治疗前的水平。然而，在停止治疗多年后，尽管存在传染性病毒，少数人仍能够控制自己的感染。了解在这些情况下导致病毒控制的因素对于我们在其他情况下实现这一目标以及最终治愈感染的能力至关重要。我们正在了解到，病毒将其基因组整合到感染细胞基因组中的位置对维持艾滋病毒储存库具有重要意义。然而，在抑制治疗期间，具有复制能力的艾滋病毒细胞的稀有性以及这些细胞缺乏病毒蛋白的表达阻碍了对艾滋病毒储存库的研究。我们提出了一种新的方法来克服细胞稀有性的问题，方法是使用一种新的方法来丰富和扩展单个感染细胞，以研究整合的前病毒基因组和宿主细胞基因组内周围序列的结构和RNA表达。为了解决缺乏蛋白质表达的问题，我们将使用额外的新方法来纯化扩大的感染细胞，作为裂解物，允许分析整个细胞转录组和蛋白质组。最后，我们将在体外模型中重建我们在体内观察到的前病毒结构，以识别全局 前病毒整合对细胞功能的影响。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): HIV persists for many years during therapy and normally rebounds to pretreatment levels when therapy is stopped. However, a small number of individuals have been able to control their infection, despite the presence of infectious virus, fo many years after stopping therapy. Understanding the factors that lead to virus control under these circumstances is critical to our ability to achieve this end in others as well as for an eventual cure of infection. We are learning that where the virus integrates its genome into the infected cell genome is of significance to the maintenance of HIV reservoirs. However, during suppressive therapy, the rarity of cells with replication competent HIV and the lack of expression of viral proteins by these cells have hampered the study of HIV reservoirs. We propose novel methods to overcome the problem of cell rarity by the use of a novel method to enrich for and expand single infected cells for study of structure and RNA expression of the integrated proviral genome and surrounding sequences within the host cell genome. To address the problem of the lack of protein expression, we will use additional novel methods to purify expanded infected cells, as lysates, allowing analysis of the entire cellular transcriptome and proteome. Lastly, we will recreate the proviral structures we observe in vivo in an in vitro model to discern the global impact of provirus integration on cell functionality.