Family Demography and Migration: Consequences for Health and Well-being

 描述(申请人提供)：家庭成员是对有需要的美国人最重要的支持来源。父母、成年子女和兄弟姐妹经常相互提供时间援助、经济转移和实物支持，同时应对生命过程中的挑战，如疾病、失去配偶或失业。提供或接受这种支持的最重要的促进者之一是一个人在空间上接近他或他的大家庭。同时，居住在大家庭成员附近的需要可能会对这些人的居住流动性造成很大限制，这反过来可能导致就业机会、子女学校的选择以及社交网络的发展更加有限。尽管家庭成员的空间接近对健康、照料和社会经济地位有潜在的影响，但很少有关于家庭在生命过程中空间接近的动态的实证报告。该项目将使用收入动态小组研究，这是一项具有全国代表性的纵向调查，其中包含个人及其大家庭成员--例如父母、子女、兄弟姐妹、祖父母--45年来(1968年至2015年)的前瞻性报告。对于同一大家庭的成员，PSID包含关于影响流动性的众多社会经济因素的广泛信息，包括健康状况、就业、收入、财富和家庭组成，以及关于住宅位置的非常具体的信息，一直到人口普查区。利用PSID的这些独特功能，拟议的项目将：a)构建和发布家庭空间接近的国家数据集；b)首次全面描述美国人在一生中与父母、子女和兄弟姐妹空间接近的动态模式；c)确定影响空间接近的因素；以及d)评估个人与家庭空间接近相关的健康和保健利用的纵向结果。拟议的实证研究 将对社会科学和公共卫生研究以及改善个人健康和社会经济地位的公共政策做出深远贡献。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Family members are the most important source of support for Americans in need. Parents, adult children, and siblings often provide time assistance, financial transfers, and in-kind support to each other while coping with life-course challenges such as illness, loss of a spouse, or unemployment. One of the most significant facilitators of providing or receiving such support is an individual's spatial proximity to his or er extended family. At the same time, the need to be located near extended family members can impose significant restrictions on that individuals' residential mobility, which in turn may lead t more limited employment opportunities, choices of schools for children, and development of social networks. Despite the potential influence of spatial proximity to family members on health, caregiving, and socioeconomic status, few empirical reports exist regarding the dynamics of family spatial proximity over the life-course. This project will use the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, a nationally representative, longitudinal survey containing prospective reports by individuals and their extended family members - e.g., parents, children, siblings, grandparents - for more than 45 years (1968 through 2015). For members of the same extended family, the PSID contains extensive information on numerous socioeconomic factors that influence mobility including health status, employment, income, wealth, and household composition, as well as very specific information on residential location down to the exact census block. Capitalizing on these unique features of the PSID, the proposed project will: a) construct and release a national dataset of family spatial proximity; b) for the first time thoroughly describe dynamic patterns of Americans' spatial proximity to parents, children, and siblings over the life-course; c) identify factors influencing spatial proximity; and d) assess individuals' longitudinal outcomes of health and health care utilization related to spatial proximity to family. The proposed empirical research will contribute profoundly to social science and public health research and public policy for improving individuals' health and socioeconomic status.