THE ROLE OF COGNITIVE AND SOCIAL PROCESSES IN EMOTION REGULATION ACROSS ADULTHOOD

项目摘要 有效的情绪调节不仅是维持心理健康的核心，它还有助于 更好的身体健康和社会功能。考虑到认知控制能力会随着年龄的增长而自然下降， 情绪调节的类型在以后的生活中可能更具挑战性。老年人可能能够补偿 通过选择认知要求较低的策略或利用现有的社交网络来减少认知控制 资源（例如，使用人际策略）。这些情绪调节的调整可能会让老年人 保持他们的情绪健康甚至改善。然而，那些经历过高于平均水平的人， 认知能力下降和不调整策略可能会增加情绪调节受损的风险。 虽然成年后情绪变化的规范性特征是非常积极的，但也有许多 没有显示出这些好处的人。了解系统性个体的来源是至关重要的 情绪调节的差异，以促进人口水平的健康。这种工作可以让 以便更好地预测谁在以后的生活中易受情绪失调和发展情绪障碍的影响。 拟议项目的总体目标是促进对认知和社会 影响成年期情绪调节有效性的因素。建议的具体目标 项目旨在（1）描述认知控制和情绪调节之间的联系，（2）检查年龄 情绪调节策略使用和有效性的差异，以及（3）测试社会因素是否减轻 与年龄相关的认知障碍对情绪调节成功的代价。为了实现这些目标， 年龄在25至85岁之间的女性（种族/民族和社会经济地位各不相同）将被招募参加一个 这是一项由三部分组成的研究，包括标准化的实验室任务和日常生活的经验采样。 参与者将完成两个实验室课程。第一次会议将包括自我报告的社会措施， 连接（例如，社会网络，社会支持）和情绪调节目标，以及一个全面的 认知成套测验（包括液体和结晶认知的测量）。第二届会议将包括一个 标准化的情绪调节电影任务，其中情绪结果（主观体验和行为 在指导参与者增加娱乐或满足感后， 减少悲伤或厌恶。在这两个实验室会议之间，参与者将完成9天的 经验采样将评估他们的日常情绪体验和情绪调节。最终 一项拟议中的研究可以通过分离特定的认知技能来帮助改善老年人的生活质量 或社会资源，可以有针对性地进行干预，以促进更有效的情绪调节努力。

Project Summary Effective emotion regulation is not only central to maintaining psychological well-being, it also contributes to better physical health and social functioning. Given that cognitive control naturally declines with age, certain types of emotion regulation may be more challenging later in life. Older adults may be able to compensate for reduced cognitive control by choosing less cognitively demanding strategies or drawing on their existing social resources (e.g., using interpersonal tactics). These adjustments in emotion regulation may allow older adults to preserve their emotional well-being and even improve. However, those who experience greater than average cognitive declines and do not adjust their tactics may be at heightened risk for impaired emotion regulation. Although the normative profile of change in emotion across adulthood is remarkably positive, there are many individuals who do not show these benefits. It is critical to understand the sources of systematic individual differences in emotion regulation in order to promote health at a population level. This kind of work can allow for better prediction of who is vulnerable to emotion dysregulation and developing mood disorders later in life. The overall objective of the proposed project is to advance understanding of how cognitive and social factors contribute to emotion regulation effectiveness across adulthood. The specific aims of the proposed project are to (1) characterize the links between cognitive control and emotion regulation, (2) examine age differences in emotion regulation strategy use and effectiveness, and (3) test whether social factors mitigate the costs of age-related cognitive impairment for emotion regulation success. To achieve these aims, men and women between the ages of 25 and 85 (diverse in terms of race/ethnicity and SES) will be recruited for a three-part study that incorporates both standardized lab tasks and experience sampling of daily life. Participants will complete two laboratory sessions. The first session will include self-report measures of social connection (e.g., social network, social support) and emotion regulation goals, as well as a comprehensive cognitive battery (including measures of fluid and crystallized cognition). The second session will include a standardized emotion regulation film task in which emotional outcomes (subjective experience and behavioral expressions) will be assessed after instructing participants to increase amusement or contentment and decrease sadness or disgust. Between these two laboratory sessions, participants will complete 9 days of experience sampling that will assess their daily emotional experience and emotion regulation. Ultimately, the proposed research could aid in improving quality of life in aging populations by isolating specific cognitive skills or social resources that could be targeted for intervention to facilitate more effective emotion regulation efforts.