Intimate Partner Violence in Sexual Minority Female Adolescents and Young Adults

 描述(由申请人提供)：年轻女性性少数群体(YFSM)是亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)的极高风险，超过一半的YFSM报告约会伙伴的身体或性虐待。由于少数群体的压力和保护资源(如父母支持、社区联系)的减少，这些年轻的IPV受害者可能特别容易受到IPV的负面身心健康后果的影响，包括药物滥用、抑郁和自杀。此外，YFSM可能不太可能报告和寻求或接受关于IPV的帮助，因为他们对自己的性取向不“出柜”，或者他们害怕被污名化和歧视。为同性IPV寻求帮助的妇女往往被拒绝提供服务(例如，三分之二的LGBT IPV幸存者被拒绝进入家庭暴力庇护所)，并感到被边缘化，得不到家庭暴力服务系统的支持。显然需要进行基础研究，以便为制定具有文化敏感性的循证干预措施提供信息，以预防YFSM中的IPV，并支持女性性少数群体IPV受害者。然而，现有的文献几乎完全集中在异性恋者的IPV上。由于LGBT青少年和年轻人面临着关于他们的关系和性行为的独特问题(例如，否认或隐蔽性身份和性活动的压力)，在性少数群体青年中IPV的风险和保护因素、求助行为和后果可能与在异性恋青年中观察到的截然不同。该项目的总体目标是通过对女性、少数族裔、青少年和青壮年(青壮年)进行一项创新性的IPV研究，开始解决这些差异。我们提出了一个新的、少数人压力信息的YFSM IPV动态发育系统观点，我们将使用混合方法、加速纵向设计对其进行检验。在对LGBT青年进行最长时间研究的基础上，我们将在两年内每六个月从YFSM的两个不同种族的队列(N=530；年龄16-26)收集定量数据，以及来自50名选定参与者的定性数据。我们将通过四个主要的具体目标来实现总体目标：(1)描述青春期和青春期青年精神卫生服务中IPV的性质和轨迹；(2)确定青年FSM中IPV的风险和保护因素，包括区分暴力和非暴力/健康关系的因素；(3)检查影响YFSM报告IPV的因素、对IPV的求助以及从帮助中受益的能力 (4)评估艾滋病毒/艾滋病的后果，找出增加或保护青年受害者免遭再次受害和艾滋病毒/艾滋病的负面健康后果的因素。所产生的定量和定性数据的整合将被用来为制定循证干预措施提供信息，以预防青年密克罗尼西亚联邦中的IPV，并更好地为那些经历IPV的人服务。1

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Young female sexual minorities (YFSM) are at exceptionally high risk for intimate partner violence (IPV), with over half of YFSM reporting physical or sexual abuse by a dating partner. These young IPV victims may be particularly vulnerable to the negative physical and mental health consequences of IPV, including substance abuse, depression, and suicide, due to minority stress and diminished protective resources (e.g., parent support, community connectedness). In addition, YFSM may be less likely to report and to seek or receive help for IPV because they are not "out" about their sexual orientation or they fear stigmatization and discrimination. Women who seek help for same-sex IPV are often denied services (e.g., two-thirds of LGBT IPV survivors were denied access to domestic violence shelters) and feel marginalized and unsupported by domestic violence service systems. Basic research is clearly needed to inform development of culturally sensitive, evidence-based interventions to prevent IPV in YFSM and to support female sexual minority IPV victims. The existing literature, however, has almost exclusively focused on IPV in heterosexuals. Because LGBT teens and young adults face unique issues surrounding their relationships and sexual behaviors (e.g., pressures to deny or conceal sexual identity and activities), the risk and protective factors for IPV, help-seeking behaviors, and consequences of IPV in sexual minority youth are likely quite different from those observed in heterosexual youth. The overarching goal of this project is to begin to address these disparities by conducting an innovative study of IPV in female sexual minority adolescents and young adults (YFSM). We propose a novel, minority stress-informed dynamic developmental systems perspective of IPV in YFSM, which we will test using a mixed-methods, accelerated longitudinal design. Building upon the longest running study of LGBT youth, we will collect quantitative data from two ethnically diverse cohorts of YFSM (N= 530; ages 16-26) every six months for two years, as well as qualitative data from 50 selected participants. We will accomplish the overarching goal with four primary specific aims: (1) Describe the nature and trajectories of IPV in YFSM across adolescence and young adulthood; (2) Identify risk and protective factors for IPV among YFSM, including factors that differentiate violent vs. non-violent/healthy relationships; (3) Examine factors that affect YFSM's reporting of IPV, help-seeking for IPV, and ability to benefit from help provided (e.g., cultural competence of providers); and (4) Evaluate the consequences of IPV in YFSM, identifying factors that raise risk for or protect YFSM victims from revictimization and negative health consequences of IPV. Integration of the resulting quantitative and qualitative data will be used to inform the development of evidence-based interventions to prevent IPV among YFSM and better serve those who experience IPV. 1