Risk and Resilience to Adolescent Substance Use: The Roles of Child Maltreatment and Youth Activity Space

项目摘要/摘要 Susan Yoon，MSW博士，是一名社会科学家，她的首要职业目标是防止药物使用和 通过确定风险和复原力的关键机制，改善易受伤害的高危青年的健康结果 在虐待儿童后青少年使用药物的问题。这位K01指导研究科学家的发展 该奖项将为Yoon博士提供严格的培训和系统的指导研究经验，将 加速她成功地过渡到青少年药物使用领域的独立调查者 研究。一个由高素质和忠诚的导师组成的团队，他们在各自的领域都是杰出的研究人员 她将指导和监督她的K01研究和培训活动。拟议的职业发展计划 包含四个实践培训目标，以提高她在以下方面的知识和技能：1)青少年物质 利用对弱势青年的研究；2)使用背景/空间(即活动空间)数据；3)应用 复原力框架；4)高级统计数据，包括以人为中心的多层次分析 建模和空间分析。在K01获奖期间，尹博士将获得并应用这些新技能 以及解决虐待儿童之间复杂联系的重要问题的知识， 青少年活动空间--指的是一个人在日常生活中访问的区域或场所--以及青少年物质 使用。虐待儿童和青少年吸毒是两个严重、密切相关的公共卫生问题 担忧。尽管这些现象之间有很好的联系，但潜在的机制和 这种联系的调节者(保护因素)仍然难以捉摸，严重阻碍了我们有效地 防止青少年使用药物。因此，拟议的研究旨在：1)检查不同的模式是如何 纵向虐待经历与青少年药物使用的不同模式有关 2)调查青少年活动空间内的危险因素对青少年行为的中介效应 虐待儿童与青少年使用药物之间的联系；以及3)决定 青少年活动空间中的保护属性缓冲了虐待儿童对物质使用的影响 在青春期。为了达到研究目标，尹博士将创造性地整合和分析 不同的数据来源，包括行政儿童福利记录和地理编码青年之间的数据联系 空间曝光数据。这项研究还通过整合弹性理论引入了理论创新 理解儿童对物质使用的复原力的理论和新的空间位置保护因素 虐待。这项研究直接涉及NIDA的研究重点和支持的战略目标 研究以了解影响环境、行为和社会因素的复杂相互作用 毒品使用轨迹。研究结果将对关键的背景机制和保护因素提供有价值的见解 这可以作为干预措施的目标，以防止高危、弱势青年使用药物。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Susan Yoon, PhD, MSW, is a social scientist whose overarching career goal is to prevent substance use and improve health outcomes among vulnerable, at-risk youth by identifying key mechanisms for risk and resilience to adolescent substance use following child maltreatment. This K01 Mentored Research Scientist Development Award will provide Dr. Yoon with rigorous training and systematic mentored research experiences that will accelerate her successful transition to an independent investigator in the field of adolescent substance use research. A team of highly qualified and committed mentors, who are prominent researchers in their respective fields, will guide and supervise her K01 research and training activities. The proposed career development plan encompasses four hands-on training goals to improve her knowledge and skills in: 1) adolescent substance use research with vulnerable youth; 2) the use of contextual/spatial (i.e., activity space) data; 3) the application of the resilience framework; and 4) advanced statistics, including person-centered analysis, multi-level modeling, and spatial analysis. During the K01 award period, Dr. Yoon will obtain and apply these new skills and knowledge to address important questions about the complex associations among child maltreatment, youth activity spaces—refers to areas or places a person visits in daily routine—and adolescent substance use. Child maltreatment and adolescent substance use are two serious, tightly connected public health concerns. Despite the well-established link between these phenomena, the underlying mechanisms and moderators (protective factors) of this link remains elusive, significantly hampering our ability to effectively prevent adolescent substance use. Thus, the proposed study aims to: 1) examine how distinct patterns of longitudinal maltreatment experiences are associated with different patterns of adolescent substance use trajectories; 2) investigate the mediating effects of risky attributes within youth's activity spaces on the association between child maltreatment and adolescent substance use; and 3) determine the extent to which protective attributes within youth's activity spaces buffers the impact of child maltreatment on substance use during adolescence. To address the study aims, Dr. Yoon will employ creative integration and analysis of diverse data sources, including data linkage between administrative child welfare records and geo-coded youth spatial exposure data. The study also introduces theoretical innovation through the integration of resilience theory and novel spatially-situated protective factors to understand resilience to substance use following child maltreatment. This study directly addresses NIDA's research priorities and strategic goals of supporting research to understand the complex interactions of environmental, behavioral, and social factors influencing drug use trajectories. Findings will offer valuable insight into key contextual mechanisms and protective factors that can be targeted in interventions to prevent substance use among high-risk, vulnerable youth.