Alpha oscillations and working memory deficits in ADHD: A multimodal imaging investigation

项目摘要 注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的高患病率(4-17岁儿童中5%-11%)， 再加上它的高社会成本，强烈的持久性和对生活质量的有害影响，保证 继续努力了解其潜在的神经机制。强调这一需求的是不断增加的 认识到ADHD在临床和机制上是不同的，这可能会降低 ADHD可能生物标志物的可靠性。旨在减少这种异质性的新的、有重点的研究是 需要的。在这个项目中，我们的目标是定义一个强健的、相对未被探索的视觉注意力的假定生物标记物 阿尔法范围(8-12赫兹)事件相关减少(ERD)缺陷，强烈指示工作记忆(WM) 多动症的缺陷。使用尖端的、并行的EEG-fMRI记录，我们建议测量与事件相关的 阿尔法ERD及其相关的大脑激活和网络连接在WM编码过程中。同时发生的 录音使我们能够直接测试阿尔法捕捉到的注意力机制的参与波动 ERD神经生理学测量预测WM神经过程的波动。使用这种方法，我们 目的：(A)确定ADHD患者阿尔法ERD缺陷和WM表现的神经机制，以及(B) 明确ADHD患者阿尔法ERD缺陷的临床特征，包括其对现实生活结果的影响，如 学术成就。这个项目的独特之处在于，我们将对之前在两个项目中进行过测试的参与者进行抽样 大型ADHD-EEG研究，招募他们进行纵向跟踪实验会议，如果他们目前 青春期(14-18岁)。通过这样做，我们的目标是(C)描述注意力的发展轨迹 阿尔法ERD在ADHD中捕捉到的缺陷及其对临床和现实生活轨迹的影响 结果。青春期样本将提供对青少年神经和神经生理学特征的新见解 在这一发育期的ADHD。这项研究的结果是一个明确定义的神经机制， 阿尔法ERD，可用于治疗ADHD或其他神经精神疾病的WM缺陷。

Project Summary High prevalence rates of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (5-11% of children 4-17 years), combined with its high societal cost, strong persistence and pernicious effects on quality of life, warrant continued efforts to understand its underlying neural mechanisms. Underscoring this need is the increasing recognition that ADHD is clinically and mechanistically heterogeneous, and that this likely degrades the reliability of putative biomarkers of ADHD. Novel, focused studies that aim to reduce such heterogeneity are needed. In this project, we aim to define a robust, relatively unexplored putative biomarker of visual attention deficits, alpha range (8-12Hz) event-related decrease (ERD), which strongly indexes working memory (WM) deficits in ADHD. Using cutting-edge, concurrent EEG-fMRI recordings, we propose to measure event-related alpha ERD and its associated brain activation and network connectivity during WM encoding. The concurrent recordings allow us to directly test if fluctuations in engagement of attention mechanisms captured by the alpha ERD neurophysiological measures predict fluctuations in WM neural processes. Using this methodology, we aim to: (a) identify neural mechanisms underlying alpha ERD deficits and WM performance in ADHD, and (b) define the clinical features of alpha ERD deficits in ADHD, including its effect on real life outcomes such as academic achievement. Unique to this project, we will sample participants who were previously tested in two large ADHD-EEG studies, recruiting them for a longitudinal follow-up experimental session if they are currently in adolescence (14-18 years). By doing so we aim to (c) characterize the developmental trajectory of attention deficits as captured by alpha ERD in ADHD, as well its impact on the trajectory of clinical and real-life outcomes. The adolescent sample will provide new insight into neural and neurophysiological characteristics of ADHD during this developmental period. The outcome of this research is a clearly defined neural mechanism, alpha ERD, that can be targeted in treatment of WM deficits in ADHD, or in other neuropsychiatric disorders.