Identifying neural circuits that support effortful listening

项目摘要/摘要 应聘者：我的长期职业目标是建立一个专注于神经学的独立研究项目 听力努力的机制，并探索青少年听力损失如何改变这种机制。我的前辈 培训使我在声学、听觉生理学、行为神经科学、 以及听力损失导致的感觉处理和知觉障碍。我建议通过以下方式扩展我的技能 听觉认知机制、清醒行为录音、药理学方面的额外培训 以及清醒行为动物神经活动的化学发生衰减，以及瞳孔测量方法。在.期间 在K99阶段，我将继续努力，通过发展智力和技术技能来实现独立 是成功所必需的。这包括参加如何组织一份成功的工作申请的研讨会，以及 粉笔谈话，学习工作面试和实验室管理的有效策略。在R00结束时 在这一阶段，我将拥有良好的出版记录和成功申请R01所需的初步数据。 环境：该奖项的K99阶段将在纽约神经科学中心举行 纽约大学(NYU)，为拟议的培训提供了良好的环境。我的主要导师丹·萨内斯博士 在发育听神经科学方面有30年以上的经验。他将提供他的专业知识和指导 在我训练的所有领域，包括听觉感觉处理、听力损失引起的感觉和认知 缺陷，以及保持清醒的方法。马修·麦金利博士(贝勒)将提供额外的指导 医学院)，注意力听觉机制和啮齿动物瞳孔测量方面的专家，以及马修博士 WINN(明尼苏达大学)，听力努力和听力损失方面的专家。 研究：听讲话需要完整的感觉和认知处理。对于听力受损的人来说， 经常需要额外的精神努力，导致认知疲劳，这可能会产生长期的负面影响 对生活质量的影响。然而，努力倾听背后的神经机制，以及听力如何 损失改变了这一机制，是不确定的。该提案将确定在 基于努力的听觉任务，并使用神经活动的扰动来确定候选区域是否 在困难的听力条件下执行任务所必需的(K99)。接下来，我将使用无线神经记录 在感觉和非感觉皮质区域，以及瞳孔测量方法，来探索青少年如何 听力损失会破坏这种大脑皮层机制(R00)。

Project Summary/Abstract Candidate: My long-term career goal is to establish an independent research program focusing on the neural mechanisms of listening effort, and explore how adolescent hearing loss alters this mechanism. My previous training has provided me with a strong foundation in acoustics, auditory physiology, behavioral neuroscience, and hearing loss-induced deficits in sensory processing and perception. I propose to expand my skillset with additional training in cognitive mechanisms of auditory perception, awake-behaving recordings, pharmacological and chemogenetic attenuation of neural activity in awake-behaving animals, and pupillometric measures. During the K99 phase, I will continue working towards independence by developing the intellectual and technical skills needed for success. This includes attending workshops on putting together a successful job application and chalk talk, and learning effective strategies for the job interview and lab management. By the end of the R00 phase, I will have a strong publication record and the preliminary data needed for a successful R01 application. Environment: The K99 phase of the award will take place in the Center for Neural Science at New York University (NYU), an excellent environment for the proposed training. My primary mentor, Dr. Dan Sanes, has 30+ years of experience in developmental auditory neuroscience. He will provide his expertise and mentorship in all areas of my training, including auditory sensory processing, hearing loss-induced sensory and cognitive deficits, and awake-behaving methods. Additional mentoring will be provided by Dr. Matthew McGinley (Baylor College of Medicine), an expert on attentional auditory mechanisms and rodent pupillometry, and Dr. Matthew Winn (University of Minnesota), an expert on listening effort and hearing loss. Research: Listening to speech requires intact sensory and cognitive processing. For those with hearing loss, additional mental effort is often required, resulting in cognitive fatigue that can have long-term negative implications for quality of life. However, the neural mechanisms underlying effortful listening, and how hearing loss alters this mechanism, is uncertain. This proposal will identify a cortical network that is engaged during an effort-based auditory task, and use perturbations of neural activity to determine whether candidate regions are required for task performance during difficult listening conditions (K99). Next, I will use wireless neural recordings in sensory and non-sensory cortical areas, along with pupillometry approaches, to explore how adolescent hearing loss disrupts this cortical mechanism (R00).