Lifecourse food insecurity and dementia risk

项目摘要 痴呆症是美国第六大死因，在社会经济地位方面存在显著差异。 性别和种族/民族。粮食不安全是美国儿童和成年人的常见经历，而且很可能 通过多种机制影响阿尔茨海默病和阿尔茨海默病相关痴呆(AD/ADRD)。然而， 几乎没有评估粮食不安全和AD/ADRD的量化研究。中非常有限的先前工作 这一领域是跨领域的，这带来了挑战：1)粮食不安全的时间顺序和 认知表现是模棱两可的；2)研究人员无法区分急性食物和慢性食物 不安全感对痴呆症风险的不同影响；以及3)在单个时间点测量认知评估 排除了评估认知衰退的可能性。通过创新使用美国卫生和医疗服务 退休研究(HRS)和1979年全国青年纵向调查(NLSY79)，建议 研究填补了这一关键空白。这两个数据来源都收集关于粮食不安全的预期信息，并 老年人中的痴呆症风险(HRS)和整个生命过程(NLSY79)。我们将利用 这些数据集的互补优势用于评估：[1]老年人中的食物不安全是否预测 痴呆症风险(目标1；HRS)；[2]如果生活过程中食物不安全(18-48岁)预测痴呆症风险(目标2； NLY79)；以及[3]补充营养援助计划(SNAP)的受益金额模式(18-48岁) 预测痴呆症风险(目标3；NLY79；SNAP是一项联邦食品不安全缓解计划)。这是一项创新 通过我们的序列分析的新应用，可以对生命周期的粮食不安全进行研究，这将是 适用于在这两个具有国家代表性的数据来源中随时间收集的粮食不安全标记。我们的 研究问题集中在粮食不安全问题上，这是AD/ADRD预防的一个可修改的目标，即 通过现有的政策干预，从生物学上讲是合理的、普遍的和潜在的高影响，例如 抓紧时间。

PROJECT ABSTRACT Dementia is the 6th leading cause of death in the U.S. with marked disparities by socioeconomic status, gender, and race/ethnicity. Food insecurity is a common experience in U.S. children and adults, and it likely influences Alzheimer's Disease and Alzheimer's Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) via multiple mechanisms. Yet, there is almost no quantitative research evaluating food insecurity and AD/ADRD. The very limited prior work in this area is cross-sectional which introduces challenges: 1) the temporal ordering of food insecurity and cognitive performance is ambiguous; 2) researchers are unable to disentangle if acute vs. chronic food insecurity differentially impacts dementia risk; and 3) measuring cognitive assessments at a single time point precludes the possibility of evaluating cognitive decline. Through innovative uses of the U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS), and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, 1979 cohort (NLSY79), the proposed research fills this critical gap. Both data sources collect prospective information on food insecurity and dementia risk among older adults (HRS), and across the lifecourse (NLSY79). We will leverage the complementary strengths of these datasets to evaluate: [1] if food insecurity among older adults predicts dementia risk (Aim 1; HRS); [2] if lifecourse food insecurity (from ages 18 – 48) predicts dementia risk (Aim 2; NLY79); and [3] if Supplemental Nutritional Assistant Program (SNAP) benefit amount patterns (ages 18 – 48) predict dementia risk (Aim 3; NLY79; SNAP is a federal food insecurity alleviation program). This innovative work on lifecourse food insecurity is possible through our novel application of sequence analysis, which will be applied to markers of food insecurity collected over time in both nationally representative data sources. Our research questions focus on food insecurity, which is a modifiable target for AD/ADRD prevention that is biologically plausible, common, and potentially high impact through existing policy interventions, such as SNAP.