Exploring the Parameter Space of High Frequency Magnetic Perturbation in Manipulating Neural Excitability and Plasticity.

项目摘要/摘要 无创脑刺激在认知神经科学领域引起了极大的兴趣。 社区，为研究脑功能提供了重要的基础研究工具，并正在出现临床应用 以恢复患有神经疾病的个体的功能。尽管有这种潜力，一种新兴的文学已经 强调了对经颅电刺激(TES)的可靠性和稳健性的关注，TES是主要的 NIBS方法通过应用阈值下刺激诱导脑可塑性的改变。 这些问题很可能与这样一个事实有关，即TES系统只能产生适度的电场(电场) 在皮质表面，由于安全性/耐受性问题限制了可提供的TES刺激的强度 在头皮上。我们开发了一种全新的NIBS方法，在这种方法中，神经元的亚阈值调制 兴奋性是通过千赫频率的振荡磁场带来的。本系统，简称kTMP (khz经颅磁扰)显著增加亚阈值电场感应的范围，以及 通过调制KHz载波频率的包络，可以在生理上施加电场 频率。 补充对象的具体目的是比较kTMP和两种常规NIB的效果。 技术：经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术和经颅超声心动图。这种比较是在NIBS神经科学中建立kTMP的基础 社区作为更有效和可靠的方法来促进我们对大脑功能和AS的了解 治疗神经疾病的翻译工具。补充的项目将是一个重要的 朝着FDA批准kTMP的最终目标迈进一步。此外，在专门组织Avania的支持下， 在推进医疗技术方面，补充者还将努力制定kTMP的监管路径，使其成为 用于中风后的康复。 到第二年结束时，补充者将学会如何进行研究 独立获得关于三种国家预算办法的现有技术和实践方面的知识，以及 获得了FDA法规和医疗设备营销流程的广泛概述。

Project Summary/Abstract Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has attracted considerable interest in the cognitive neuroscience community, providing an important basic research tool to study brain function, with emerging clinical applications to restore function in individuals with neurological disorders. Despite this potential, an emerging literature has highlighted concerns regarding the reliability and robustness of transcranial electric stimulation (tES), the primary NIBS method used to induce changes in brain plasticity through the application of subthreshold stimulation. These problems are likely related to the fact that tES systems can only induce modest electrical fields (E-field) at the cortical surface given that safety/tolerance issues limit the intensity of tES stimulation that can be delivered at the scalp. We developed a radically new NIBS approach, one in which subthreshold modulation of neural excitability is brought about via oscillating magnetic fields at kHZ frequencies. This system, referred to kTMP (kHz Transcranial Magnetic Perturbation) significantly increases the range of subthreshold E-field induction, and through modulation of the envelope of the kHz carrier frequency, can impose E-fields at physiological relevant frequencies. The specific aims of the supplementee is to compare the efficacy of kTMP with two conventional NIBS techniques: tES and TMS. This comparison is fundamental to establish kTMP in the NIBS neuroscience community as more efficient and reliable method to advance our understanding of brain function and as translational tool for the treatment of neurological disorders. The project of the supplementee will be an important step towards the end goal of FDA approval of kTMP. Moreover, supported by Avania, an organization specialized in advancing medical technologies, the supplementee will be also working on the regulatory path for kTMP to be used for post-stroke recovery. By the end of the second year the supplementee will have learned how to conduct research studies independently, gained knowledge on the existing technical and practical aspects of the three NIBS methods, and obtained a broad overview of the FDA regulations and processes to market a medical device.