AIAN Cohort Physical Activity Questionnaire Validation

描述(由申请人提供)： 美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民(AIAN)社区和部落的慢性病发病率差异很大，原因大多不为人知。对于大多数部落来说，慢性病发病率和死亡率的趋势并没有很好的记录，但似乎很明显，糖尿病和心脏病的发病率和死亡率在过去20年里一直在增加，AIAN之间的癌症发病率有五倍的差异。虽然发病率的一些差异可能有遗传基础，但很可能是饮食摄入量、体力活动模式和其他生活方式特征的差异导致了这些差异。AIAN对慢性病病因学的研究很少。尤其缺乏的是队列研究。虽然在过去的25年里已经建立了许多队列，但AIAN人口仍然是美国的单一种族人口，既没有被纳入正在进行的国家营养监测系统，也没有被纳入大型队列研究。 美洲印第安人阿拉斯加原住民队列研究(简称地球或健康教育和研究)的主要科学目标是确定饮食、体力活动和其他生活方式和文化因素与癌症、心血管疾病、中风、糖尿病、慢性肺病和呼吸系统疾病以及死亡年龄等慢性疾病的发展和进展之间的关系。我们将研究为什么一些人在其他人患上这些疾病时仍然健康。到目前为止，这是关于饮食和生活方式对美洲印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民疾病影响的最大规模和最全面的研究。为了了解体育活动与健康和疾病之间关系的性质，有必要对体育活动进行有效和可靠的衡量。这项提案的主要目标是对这一群体的体力活动问卷进行验证。有效工具的可获得性可能会加强未来的生活方式监测工作。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rates of chronic diseases vary substantially among American Indian and Alaska Natives (AIAN) communities and tribes for reasons that are largely unknown. Trends in chronic disease incidence and mortality are not well-documented for most tribes, but it does seem clear that diabetes and heart disease incidence and mortality have been increasing over the past two decades and that there is a fivefold variation in incidence rates of cancer among AIAN. While some of the variation in disease rates may have a genetic basis, most likely variations in dietary intake, physical activity patterns, and other lifestyle characteristics contribute to these differences. Few studies of the etiology of chronic diseases have been done in AIAN. Particularly lacking are cohort studies. While numerous cohorts have been established in the last 25 years, the AIAN populations remain the single ethnic population in the United States that has not been included in either the ongoing National Nutrition Monitoring System or large cohort studies. The major scientific goal of the American Indian Alaska Native cohort study, (referred to as EARTH or Education And Research Towards Health) is to determine how diet, physical activity, and other lifestyle and cultural factors relate to the development and progression of chronic diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, diabetes, chronic lung and respiratory diseases, and age at time of death. We will examine why some people remain healthy when others develop these diseases. To date, this is the largest and most comprehensive study of diet and lifestyle influences on disease among American Indians and Alaska Natives. In order to understand the nature of the relationship of physical activity to health and disease a valid and reliable measure of physical activity is necessary. Validation of the physical activity questionnaire for this population is the main objective of this proposal. The availability of a valid instrument could potentially enhance future lifestyle surveillance efforts.