Spatial neglect and bias in near and far space

描述（由申请人提供）：本提案考察了近距离和远距离的个人空间中的空间偏见和分心。候选人先前在中风后驾驶问题患者中观察到极不对称的注意力。远距离偏见具有实用和理论意义：它可能会诱使受损的驾驶员转向，造成事故。脑损伤受试者的不对称视觉运动行为可能是由于有偏见的感知注意（PA）系统，有偏见的运动意图（MI）系统，组合偏见，或其他因素。在五个实验中，候选人将评估受试者在近空间和远空间执行视频程序时PA和MI偏倚所占的错误比例。在实验1和2中，她将操纵性能监测条件，以估计在中风后空间忽视的近与远空间的注意力偏差和分心的PA/MI组件。由于中风后数月，在常规视觉空间任务中恢复的患者可能仍然功能残疾，在实验3中，候选人将检查分离PA和MI偏倚是否允许检测持续的病理错误。候选人将评估急性卒中后患者，然后在随后的六个月内重复评估，检查近/远PA和MI偏倚的演变。在实验4中，候选人将研究单眼修补，金刚烷胺，以及联合治疗如何影响近/远空间偏差和注意力分散。在实验5中，中风后与假定的非病理性偏见（补偿偏盲）的受试者与病理性偏见（对侧/同侧忽视）在以前的实验进行了比较。相当多的临床和科学培训准备候选人开始开始她的职业生涯的这一独立阶段。独立临床研究者奖（K 02）将提供必要的时间和资源，因为她继续她的学术发展。本研究有助于阐明脑损伤后远近空间定向和视觉运动偏向的神经心理学机制，为脑注意系统的研究提供参考。然而，这项工作也可能促进神经功能受损的人在复杂环境中安全和适应性运动的理解，提高他们的驾驶和功能独立性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal examines spatial bias and distraction in near and far extrapersonal space. The Candidate previously observed far asymmetric attention in a patient with driving problems post-stroke. Far bias has both pragmatic and theoretical implications: it might induce impaired drivers to veer, causing accidents. Asymmetric visual-motor behavior in brain-injured subjects may be due to biased perceptual-attentional (PA) systems, biased motor-intentional (MI) systems, combined bias, or other factors. In five experiments, the Candidate will assess the proportion of error accounted for by PA and MI bias as subjects perform a video procedure in near and far space. In Experiments 1 & 2, she will manipulate performance-monitoring conditions to estimate PA/MI components of attentional bias and distractibility in near versus far space in post-stroke spatial neglect. Since months post-stroke, patients who have recovered on conventional visual-spatial tasks may still be still functionally disabled, in Experiment 3 the Candidate will examine whether separating PA and MI bias allows detection of persistent pathological errors. The Candidate will assess patients acutely post-stroke, and then repeatedly over a subsequent six months, examining evolution of near/far PA and MI bias. In Experiment 4, the Candidate will examine how monocular patching, amantadine, and combined treatment influence near/far spatial bias and distractibility. In Experiment 5, post-stroke subjects with presumed non-pathologic bias (compensated hemianopia) are compared with subjects with pathologic bias (contralateral/ipsilateral neglect) on the previous experiments. Considerable clinical and scientific training prepared the Candidate to begin this independent phase of her career. The Independent Clinical Investigator Award (K02) will provide essential time and resources as she continues her academic development. The present studies may clarify the neuropsychological mechanisms of orienting and visual-motor bias in near and far space after brain injury, contributing to the literature on brain attentional systems. However, this work may also advance understanding of safe and adaptive movement in complex environments by neurologically-impaired persons, improving their driving and functional independence.