Physical Activity & Nutrition among Pacific Islander Youth: An Exploratory Study

描述（由申请人提供）：肥胖是人群中一个日益重要的可改变的癌症相关风险因素，但对不同种族人群预防和控制肥胖的方法知之甚少。太平洋岛民的肥胖和癌症发病率很高，这为探索导致干预措施的制定和测试提供了机会，但学术界对他们仍然视而不见，研究不足。这项为期两年的探索性研究旨在了解肥胖对南加州太平洋岛民（PI）青年的影响。该项目采用涉及四个社区机构和三所大学的基于社区的参与性研究（CBPR）方法，其目标是：1）测试马绍尔群岛、萨摩亚和汤加青少年中各种定量和定性数据收集活动的可行性;和2）估计肥胖和身体活动的点患病率。一个次级目标是探索这些群体的膳食摄入量分布;以及3）探索影响这一群体体力活动的诱发因素、使能因素和强化因素。本研究的主要目的是：（a）在整个研究过程中，每季度召开一次社区咨询委员会（CAC）会议，为所有研究方法和社区外展活动的制定和实施提供信息; B.）设计和促进重点小组与PI青少年，年龄14-18岁，从三个太平洋岛民人口（马绍尔群岛，萨摩亚和汤加），探讨肥胖和身体活动的影响：i。进行的体力活动的类型，包括地点、频率和目的; ii.文化因素，包括身份、文化适应和文化信仰;为青少年提供有利机会和障碍的环境问题;四.个人因素，包括诱发和强化影响; c.）执行议定书，收集青少年肥胖和体育活动的客观衡量标准：i.用于计算体重指数的身高和体重; ii.用于计算在中等强度和剧烈强度的身体活动中花费的时间的加速度计数据; d.）设计和/或预先测试调查工具，以评估：I.对青少年身体活动的诱发和强化影响;（也列于B iv）ii.通过食物频率问卷（FFQ）进行饮食摄入，以探索PI青少年中饮食、体力活动和肥胖之间的关系; e.）在南加州的马绍尔、萨摩亚和汤加青少年社区抽样中开展衡量和调查活动;与CAC和社区成员分享研究结果，以制定未来的研究和干预计划。社区参与进程，沿着制定的协议和文书，将有助于确保初步研究结果能够在未来更大规模的评估和干预研究中得到扩展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Obesity presents an increasingly important modifiable cancer-related risk factor for populations, yet little is known about the ways to prevent and control obesity for ethnically diverse populations. Pacific Islanders experience high rates of obesity and cancer, presenting an opportunity for exploration leading to intervention development and testing, yet they remain invisible and understudied to the academic community. This two year exploratory study seeks to understand the obesity-related influences for Pacific Islander (PI) youth in Southern California. Using a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach involving four community-based agencies and three universities, the goals of this project are to: 1) to test the feasibility of various quantitative and qualitative data collection activities among Marshallese, Samoan and Tongan adolescents; and 2) estimate the point prevalence of obesity and physical activity. A sub-aim is to explore the distribution of dietary intake in these groups; and 3) explore the predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors influencing physical activity in this group. The specific aims of the study are: a.) Convene quarterly meetings of the Community Advisory Committee (CAC) throughout the conduct of this study to inform the development and implementation of all study methods and community outreach activities; b.) Design and facilitate focus groups with PI adolescents, aged 14-18 years, from three Pacific Islander populations (Marshallese, Samoans and Tongan) to explore influences on obesity and physical activity: i. Types of physical activity performed, including location, frequency and purpose; ii. Cultural factors, including identity, acculturation and cultural beliefs; iii. Environmental issues that present enabling opportunities and barriers to adolescents; iv. Individual factors, including predisposing and reinforcing influences; c.) Implement protocols for collection of objective measures of obesity and physical activity among adolescents: i. Height and weight for calculations of body mass index; ii. Accelerometer data for calculations of time spent in moderate and vigorous intensity physical activities; d.) Design and/or pretest a survey instrument to assess: I. Predisposing and reinforcing influences on adolescent physical activity; (also listed in b iv) ii. Dietary intakes via food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to allow exploration of relationship between diet, physical activity and obesity among PI adolescents; e.) Implement measurement and survey activities among a community-sample of Marshallese, Samoan and Tongan adolescents in Southern California; f.) Share study results with the CAC and community members to develop future research and intervention plans. The community participatory processes, along with protocols and instruments developed, will help ensure that the preliminary study results can be expanded upon in larger-scale assessment and intervention studies for the future.