Neural, dyadic, and cultural influences on risk for anxiety in young Latinx children

项目摘要 焦虑症状是儿童期最普遍和最早的精神病理学形式之一， 与社会情感健康的持久影响有关，降低生活满意度，增加 更严重的精神病理发展到青春期和成年期。拉丁裔儿童和青少年 与其他种族相比， 一些研究发现，这一比例高达40%。然而，我们对风险和保护因素知之甚少， 这些孩子出现的症状。符合NIMH的战略目标2“， 整个生命周期的精神疾病轨迹”这个K 01提案将调查出现的早期预测因素 焦虑行为，包括神经生物标志物（Aim 1）和儿童因素（Aim 2），同时还 考虑更广泛的文化进程如何影响拉丁青年的风险轨迹（目标3）， 幼儿期到学前期。从拟议项目中获得的知识可能对我们的 能够识别哪些拉丁裔儿童最有可能在生命早期开始走向焦虑的轨迹， 帮助产生适合文化的干预措施，以改变发展轨迹， 这些孩子的症状。该提案利用这一机会，在正在进行的五年期 对德克萨斯州中部主要是拉丁裔地区的儿童进行了纵向研究。本K 01提案将增加一个- 实验室访问与神经和幼儿观察措施。该提案将使用基于EEG的休息- 国家措施（即，α不对称，β-δ耦合），以评估一般情绪处理， 监管倾向（目标1），以及评估照顾者的儿童互动的观察措施- 儿童情感社会化（目标2）。此外，拟议的K 01项目将利用护理人员和儿童 焦虑症状和文化社会化数据（目标3）已经作为更大研究的一部分收集。 通过这个指导研究科学家发展奖（K 01），申请人将获得所需的培训， 1）幼儿EEG生物标志物; 2）发展性精神病理学焦虑 3）纵向和双向数据分析; 4）文化方法。丰富的培训环境 与这些领域的导师和顾问组成的多学科团队一起， 这些目标。这项研究的结果将提供机会，绘制焦虑轨迹以及风险和 保护因素在年轻的时候比典型的研究在拉丁青年发展，当失调 模式开始变得明显，但仍然具有高度的可塑性。拟议的研究和培训计划将 使候选人能够成功地在他们的长期目标，推出一个完全独立和独特的研究 程序使用多模态方法来研究生物和二元情感相关的过程，以及 弹性机制，可能会塑造年轻人，特别是拉丁裔儿童的焦虑轨迹。

PROJECT SUMMARY Anxiety symptoms are one of the most prevalent and earliest forms of psychopathology in childhood and have been linked with lasting effects on socioemotional wellbeing, reduce life satisfaction, and increase chance of more severe psychopathology developing into adolescence and adulthood. Latinx children and adolescents experience alarmingly high rates of anxiety and related internalizing disorders compared to other ethnic groups, with some studies finding rates as high as 40%. Yet, we know little about risk and protective factors for the emergence of symptoms in these children. Consistent with NIMH’s Strategic Objective 2 “to examine mental illness trajectories across the lifespan” this K01 proposal will investigate early predictors of emerging anxious behaviors, including neural biomarkers (Aim 1) and caregiver-child factors (Aim 2), while also considering how broader cultural processes may influence risk trajectories for Latinx youth (Aim 3) from the toddlerhood to preschool period. Knowledge from the proposed project could have a substantial impact on our ability to identify which Latinx children are most likely to start trajectories towards anxiety early in life and could help generate culturally-tailored interventions to modify developmental trajectories away from increased symptoms in these children. This proposal leverages the opportunity to add measures to an ongoing 5-year longitudinal study with children from a primarily Latinx area of Central Texas. This K01 proposal will add an in- lab visit with neural and caregiver-child observational measures. The proposal will use EEG-based resting- state measures (i.e., alpha asymmetry, beta-delta coupling) to assess general emotional processing and regulatory tendencies (Aim 1), and observational measures of caregiver-child interactions to assess caregiver- child emotion socialization (Aim 2). Additionally, the proposed K01 project will leverage caregiver and child anxiety symptom and cultural socialization data (Aim 3) already being collected as part of the larger study. Through this Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) the applicant will get needed training and expertise on 1) EEG biomarkers in young children; 2) anxiety from a developmental psychopathology perspective; 3) dyadic and longitudinal data analysis; and 4) cultural approaches. A rich training environment with a multidisciplinary team of mentors and consultants in each of these areas has been assembled to meet these goals. Findings from this study will offer the opportunity to map anxious trajectories as well as risk and protective factors at a younger age than typically studied in Latinx youth development, and when dysregulation patterns start to become noticeable but are still highly malleable. The proposed research and training plan will enable the candidate to succeed in their long-term goal of launching a fully independent and unique research program using multi-modal approaches to study biological and dyadic emotion-related processes, as well as resilience mechanisms that may shape anxiety trajectories in young, particularly Latinx, children.