Controlling the Contents of Working Memory

项目摘要 这个提议的首要目标是在机械的层面上理解视觉工作记忆是如何 控制。它将通过追求两个具体目标来实现这一目标： 具体目标一：阐明工作记忆优先控制的机制 具体目标二：阐明工作记忆中信息主动清除的机制 工作记忆被认为是高级认知的许多方面的必要元素贡献者 - 包括认知控制，解决问题和计划-它的损害是许多特征 精神病理学和精神综合征-包括注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD），主要 抑郁症（MDD）和精神分裂症。具体目标I的研究需要建模工作 记忆行为与递归神经网络，以完善算法级模型的操作， 有助于优先工作记忆的控制，然后在人脑中测试这些模型， 磁共振成像（fMRI）、脑电图（EEG）和经颅磁刺激 （TMS）。追求特定目标II的研究需要从工作记忆中主动去除的研究， 基于模型的分析（使用基于强化学习的认知控制模型）和计算 fMRI数据的模拟，以及重复的（r）TMS针对负责主动移除的额叶回路 相对于优先权的控制。

PROJECT SUMMARY The overarching goal of this proposal is to understand, at a mechanistic level, how visual working memory is controlled. It will achieve this by pursuing two Specific Aims: Specific Aim I: To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the control of priority in working memory Specific Aim II: To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the active removal of information from working memory Working memory is understood to be a necessary elemental contributor to many aspects of high-level cognition – including cognitive control, problem solving, and planning – and its impairment is characteristic of many psychopathologies and psychiatric syndromes – including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia. The research pursuing Specific Aim I entails modeling working memory behavior with recurrent neural networks, to refine algorithm-level models of the operations that contribute to the control of priority working memory, then testing these models in human brains with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The research pursuing Specific Aim II entails the study of active-removal from working memory with model-based analysis (using a reinforcement learning-based model of cognitive control) and computational simulations of fMRI data, and with repetitive (r)TMS targeting frontal circuits responsible for active-removal versus for the control of priority.