Family Strengths in Preventing Adolescent Drug Use

描述（由申请人提供）：先前研究确定的风险，弹性和保护因素是预防青少年使用酒精和其他药物的重要结构。这些结构在预测青少年时期的AOD使用方面仍然相对稳健。然而，有必要更仔细地探索父母和年龄较大的青少年如何感知和实施风险、弹性和保护因素。本研究的主要目标是建立在先前研究的基础上，对现有风险、弹性和保护结构相关的行为进行更深入的理解。我们的具体目标如下：具体目标1：对于年龄较大的青少年，说明和分类在现有的青少年AOD使用模型中确定的每种风险、保护性和弹性结构的父母/家庭行为的描述性描述（例如，父母监控、纪律实践、父母管理风格、家庭纽带、家庭仪式、宗教信仰、可用性/可及性）。具体目标2：比较父母和年龄较大的青少年对具体目标1中构念的描述性描述，确定（父母/青少年之间）的重叠，并检查当目标青少年为女性和男性时父母和青少年表达的主题内容的差异。具体目标3：将这些定性发现“映射”到测量这些结构的现有工具上。将对100个家庭（包括父母和一名16-17岁的青少年）进行定性访谈（包括一些封闭式问题）。该样本将从先前的一项资助研究中抽取，该研究对青少年和父母进行了抽样，并收集了之前三次关于青少年使用AOD的数据，以及关于家庭的封闭式问题。这项研究是重要的，因为定性研究可以提供丰富的或“厚”描述性的回答，参与者给予开放式的问题，并提供一个真实的世界观的生活，因为他们经历它。我们提出，在风险、弹性和保护结构中可能出现了不同的细微差别。我们还建议，深入的探索可以为我们现有的测量方法提供更丰富的意义，即使我们发现，我们不需要改变一个特定的测量方法来实际提供我们正在研究的测量模型。这些信息将通过提供以下信息为家庭预防项目提供新的信息，从而对现实世界做出实质性的贡献：(1)更好地理解这些父母行为的内容是如何变化的；2)青少年与父母对这些行为的认知差异；3)父母行为内容如何在父母与青少年之间动态互动。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Risk, resiliency, and protective factors identified by prior research are important constructs for prevention of adolescents' use of alcohol and other drugs. These constructs remain relatively robust through the adolescent years in predicting AOD use. However, there is a need to explore more carefully how parents and older adolescents perceive and implement the risk, resiliency and protective factors. The major goals of this study are to build upon prior research by bringing more in-depth understandings to behaviors related to the existing risk, resilience, and protective constructs. Our specific aims are as follows: Specific Aim 1: For older adolescents, to illustrate and categorize descriptive accounts of parental/family actions of each of the risk, protective, and resilience constructs identified in the existing models for adolescent AOD use (e.g., parental monitoring, disciplinary practices, parenting management style, family bonding, family rituals, religiousness, availability/access). Specific Aim 2: To compare the descriptive accounts provided by parents and older adolescents of the constructs in Specific Aim 1 and to determine the overlap (between parents/adolescents) and to examine the differences in thematic content expressed by parents and adolescents when the target adolescent is female vs. male. Specific Aim 3: To "map" these qualitative findings to the existing instruments that measure these constructs. Qualitative interviews (that include some closed-ended questions) will be conducted with 100 families (both parents and one 16-17 year old adolescent). This sample will be drawn from a prior funded study that sampled adolescents and parents and with data from three prior waves regarding adolescent AOD use, and closed-ended questions on families. This study is significant because qualitative research can provide rich or "thick" descriptive responses that participants give to open-ended questions and provide a real world view of life as they experience it. We are proposing that there may be different nuances that have emerged in the risk, resilience, and protective constructs. We are also proposing that in-depth explorations could give richer meaning to our existing measures, even if we discover, that we need not change a particular measure to actually provide us with our measurement models we are investigating. This information would substantively contribute to the practical world by providing new information for family prevention programs by providing: (1) A better understanding of how varied the content of these parental behaviors are; 2) How differently the adolescent and the parents perceive these behaviors; 3) How this content of parental behaviors dynamically interact between parents and adolescents.