Research Methods Core: Cognitive Neuroscience

认知神经科学的革命性发展为理解 抗精神病药物干预的潜在机制。研究方法核心的总体目标是 支持应用最先进的神经认知和神经成像方法，这可能有助于 阐明精神分裂症有效干预的潜在机制，如治疗预测 一组独特的首发患者的反应、功能结局和不良事件 之前没有接触过抗精神病药物。与传统的治疗目标相比，如临床 症状学、认知神经科学的方法理论上更能代表大脑 功能障碍，最终应该更优越：(1)对将从以下方面获得不同好处的个人进行分类 在选择、剂量和滴定处理方面；(2)在确定 稳定、持久的病理特征，最有可能预测不同的结果，并产生影响 用于处置和康复努力；(3)确定调节治疗的神经生物学机制 对目前的第二代抗精神病药物的反应；以及最后，(4)作为治疗目标 可能会导致下一代理性派生的治疗方法。此外，信息 源自认知神经科学的方法在受控良好的临床试验中将进一步提供关键的 向基础神经科学研究反馈有效治疗的潜在机制。这个 研究方法核心为个别研究项目提供基础设施支持，包括 神经认知功能评估，感兴趣区体积方法，扩散张量 成像、皮质表面测绘和正电子发射断层扫描预测治疗反应和 多维结果衡量标准。核心的具体目标包括：(1)整合个人 中心内的项目；(2)开发数据分析和图像处理的创新方法；(3) 在神经心理学和神经成像方法方面交流调查结果并对调查人员进行培训；以及(4) 对单个研究项目保持高标准的可靠性。核心所依据的机制 在简要概述了三个主要平台之后，将依次讨论实现这些目标的问题 ZHH CIDAR中的认知神经科学研究。

The revolutionary growth of the cognitive neurosciences offers enormous promise for understanding the mechanisms underlying antipsychotic interventions. The overarching goal of the Research Methods Core is to support the application of state-of-the-art neurocognitive and neuroimaging methodologies that may help clarify the mechanisms underlying effective intervention in schizophrenia such as the prediction of treatment response, functional outcome, and adverse events in a unique cohort of first episode patients with minimal or no prior antipsychotic drug exposure. Compared to conventional treatment targets such as clinical symptomatology, cognitive neuroscience methods theoretically are more closely representative of brain dysfunction, and should ultimately be superior: (1) in classifying individuals who will benefit differentially from specific treatments, and some day, in the selection, dosing and titration of treatments; (2) in identifying the stable, enduring features of pathology that are most likely to predict distinctive outcomes, with implications for disposition and rehabilitative efforts; (3) in identifying neurobiological mechanisms that mediate treatment response with current, second-generation antipsychotics; and finally, (4) in serving as treatment targets themselves, possibly leading to the next generation of rationally-derived treatments. Moreover, information derived from cognitive neuroscience methods in well-controlled clinical trials will further provide crucial feedback to basic neuroscience research about the mechanisms underlying effective treatment. The Research Methods Core provides infrastructure support for the individual research projects, which include assessment of neurocognitive functioning, region-of-interest volumetric approaches, diffusion tensor imaging, cortical surface mapping and positron emission tomography to predict treatment response and multidimensional outcome measures. The specific aims of the Core include: (1) to integrate individual projects within the Center; (2) to develop innovative methods for data analysis and image processing; (3) to communicate findings and train investigators in neuropsychological and neuroimaging methods and (4) to maintain high standards of reliability for individual research projects. Mechanisms by which the Core accomplishes these aims will be addressed in turn, after a brief overview of the three major platforms for cognitive neuroscience research within the ZHH CIDAR.