Analysis of the Data from Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) Study

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的项目将利用来自学龄前儿童视力（VIP）研究的综合数据集，这是一项由国家眼科研究所赞助的多中心，横断面，两阶段的研究，以解决视力筛查中具有临床和公共卫生重要性的未解决问题。该提案的具体目标不包括VIP研究的主要目标，这些目标已经完成并发表。相反，拟议的项目涉及对VIP数据的额外分析，以实现以下重要的新目标，其中一些目标是由专家在2005年7月国家眼科研究所主办的专家小组会议上提出的：(1)评估非独眼性视网膜镜检查、Retinomax autorefrator、SureSight Vision Screener和Lea Symbols VA测试的有效性，以检测vip定义的分级第1组（最严重）、第1组和第2组（最严重和中度严重）、所有vip目标视力状况，以及检测不同严重程度的每种特定类型的屈光不正（近视、远视、散光和屈光参差）。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）分析。通过一个互动式、用户友好的网站，将ROC结果提供给公众。(2)检查屈光参差与单侧弱视、双侧高度屈光不正与双侧弱视的关系，以及两者关系随儿童年龄变化的差异。(3)确定先导性教育学龄前儿童中vip目标视力状况的种族患病率。VIP数据集是一种独特的资源，用于评估性能最佳的视力筛查工具的操作特征，这些工具目前被进行学前视力筛查的组织广泛使用，并更好地了解学龄前儿童的视力状况。非常大的样本量（N=4,040），以及VIP研究小组的经验和高生产力，支持了拟议项目的可行性和高收益的可能性。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project will utilize the comprehensive dataset from the Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) Study, a multi-center, cross-sectional, two-phased study sponsored by the National Eye Institute, to address unanswered questions that are of clinical and public health importance in vision screening. The specific aims of this proposal do not include the major goals of the VIP Study, which were already accomplished and published. Instead, the proposed project involves the additional analysis of the VIP data to address the following important new aims, some of which were raised by experts during the National Eye Institute-sponsored Expert Panel Meeting in July 2005: (1) Evaluate the validity of noncycloplegic retinoscopy, Retinomax Autorefractor, SureSight Vision Screener, and Lea Symbols VA test for detecting VIP-defined hierarchical Group 1 conditions only (most severe), Group 1 & 2 conditions (most and moderately severe), all VIP-targeted vision conditions, and for detecting each specific type of refractive error (myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and anisometropia) with various levels of severity, by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Make ROC results available to the public through an interactive, user- friendly website. (2) Examine the relation between anisometropia and unilateral amblyopia and between bilateral high refractive error and bilateral amblyopia, and the differences in their relation as a function of age of the child. (3) Determine the ethnic-specific prevalence of VIP-targeted vision conditions among Head Start preschool children. The VIP dataset is a unique resource to evaluate the operating characteristics of the best-performing vision screening tools that are now being used widely by organizations that conduct preschool vision screening, and to better understand vision conditions among preschoolers. The very large sample size (N=4,040), as well as the experience and high productivity of the VIP Study Group, support the feasibility and likelihood of high yield of the proposed project.