NATURAL HISTORY PREVENTION OF VIRAL HEPATISIS IN ALASKA NATIVE PEOPLE

描述（由申请人提供）： 甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）和B肝炎病毒（HBV）感染是中国的重要问题。 阿拉斯加土著甲型和B型肝炎疫苗已成为阿拉斯加原住民的常规免疫接种 分别自1984年和1994年以来。所有1岁以上的儿童都接种甲型肝炎疫苗。 美国的年龄和追赶甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）疫苗计划已在 几个国家的所有儿童。所有新生儿都接种了B型肝炎疫苗， 在过去的十年里，美国的儿童和高危人群。此外，慢性B和C型肝炎感染是美国高风险人群中肝细胞癌（HCC）和肝硬化发病率和死亡率的重要原因。阿拉斯加原住民是美国任何种族中慢性HBV感染率最高的人群之一，丙型肝炎感染的发病率和死亡率也很高。并非所有慢性B型或C型肝炎患者都会发展为肝硬化或HCC，并且进展的风险因素尚未完全阐明。需要进行人群研究来研究慢性HBV和HCV进展的危险因素。阿拉斯加土著部落健康联盟（ANTHC）的肝病和肝炎计划（LDHP）与疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）的北极调查计划（AIP）合作，对婴儿，儿童和成人接受甲型肝炎和B肝炎疫苗的人群进行了队列研究，以确定长期保护。此外，LDHP还招募了大量患有慢性B或C型肝炎感染的阿拉斯加原住民。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Infections from hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are significant problems in Alaska Natives. Hepatitis A and B vaccines have been routine immunizations in Alaska Natives since 1984 and 1994, respectively. Hepatitis A vaccine is administered to all children over 1 year of age in the US and catch-up hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine programs are employed in several states for all children. Hepatitis B vaccine has been administered to all neonates and children in the US for the past decade and to high risk individuals. In addition, chronic hepatitis B and C infections are significant causes of morbidity and mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cirrhosis in high risk populations in the US. Alaska Natives have one of the highest rates of chronic HBV infection of any ethnic group in the US and a high rate of morbidity and mortality from hepatitis C infection. Not all persons with chronic hepatitis B or C will develop cirrhosis or HCC and the risk factors for progression are not completely elucidated. Population studies are needed to study risk factors for progression of chronic HBV and HCV. The Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program (LDHP) of the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium(ANTHC) working collaboratively with the Arctic Investigations Program (AIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has cohorts of persons who received hepatitis A and B vaccine as infants, children and adults available to determine long-term protection. In addition, the LDHP has recruited large cohorts of Alaska Natives with chronic hepatitis B or C infection.