ETHICS AND POLICY

人口健康和健康差距中心(CPHHD)研究模型以其 明确关注对健康差异的多水平决定因素的跨学科调查 人口视角。健康差距本身引发了一些紧迫的道德和政策问题 关于疾病风险分布不均的问题。追求复杂的跨学科方法 也提出了一系列与负责任的研究实践有关的问题，特别是当调查集中在 关于弱势群体的研究具有重大的健康需求和有限的积极研究合作能力。这些和相关的考虑可以通过提供一个专门的支助核心来最有效地解决，该核心具有经验研究和政策制定方面的专门知识，因为它涉及负责任地开展跨学科、以人口为基础的生物医学研究。因此，为了支持CPHHD的工作，道德和政策核心将：(1)开展与拉美裔健康差距研究中的伦理和政策关切有关的经验性研究；(2)促进地方、区域和国家政策的制定，开展和传播与拉美裔健康差异相关的研究；(3)就负责任地开展以拉丁裔乳腺癌决定因素为重点的跨学科健康差距研究提供咨询、资源和培训。关于目标1，核心投资人将进行五项有质量的研究，重点是调查拉丁美洲人对参与人权会研究的态度和信仰。访谈和焦点小组将被用来探索参与的原因、对研究的近期和长期好处的期望、对研究相关风险的看法，以及对中心投资过程中产生的结果的偏好。关于AIM 2，作为AIM 1活动的一部分收集的数据将用于在当地为CPHHD制定研究政策，也将与由同一机制资助的其他中心的伦理和政策核心合作。政策制定将侧重于鼓励最大限度有效的研究战略，这些战略可以以严格和文化上适当的方式加以实施。最后，关于目标3，核心将在设计和开展计划中的调查方面向中心招标人提供必要的支助。支持可能包括就所需的社区咨询、知情同意、研究设计、研究传播或研究过程中可能出现的任何其他问题的性质和时间提供咨询。还将应要求提供与具体负责任地开展研究课题有关的培训。这些活动有望加强和推广该中心的科学成果。

The Centerfor Populafion Health and Health Disparities (CPHHD) Research Model is notable for its explicit focus on the transdiscipiinary investigation of multilevel determinants of health disparities from a population perspective. Health disparities, in and of themselves, raise a number of pressing ethical and policy questions about the unequal distribution of disease risk. The pursuit of complex transdiscipiinary approaches also raise a host of concerns related to responsible research pracfice, particulariy when investigafion focuses on vulnerable communifies with significant health needs and limited capacity for active collaboration in research. These and related considerafions can be most effectively addressed by provision of a dedicated support core with expertise in empirical research and policy development as it pertains to the responsible conduct of transdiscipiinary, population-based, biomedical research. To support the work of the CPHHD, the Ethics and Policy Core therefore will: (1) conduct empiric research related to ethical and policy concerns in Latina health disparities research; (2) contribute to local, regional, and national policy development with regard to the conduct and dissemination of research relevant to Latino health disparifies; and (3) provide advice, resources, and training regarding the responsible conduct of transdiscipiinary health disparities research focused on the determinants of breast cancer among Latinas. With regard to Aim 1, core invesfigators will conduct qualitafive research focused on invesfigafing the attitudes and beliefs of Latinas approached with respect to participation in the research of the CPHHD. Interviews and focus groups will be used to explore reasons for participation, expectations regarding the near and longer-term benefits of research, perceptions regarding research-related risks, and preferences with respect to receiving results generated in the course of Center invesfigations. With regard to Aim 2, data collected as part ofthe activities of Aim 1 will be used to inform research policy development, both locally for the CPHHD as well as in collaboration with the ethics and policy cores of other Centers funded under the same mechanism. Policy development will focus on encouraging maximally effective research strategies which can be implemented in a rigorous and culturally appropriate manner. Finally, with regard to Aim 3, the core will provide required support to Center invesfigators with respect to the design and conduct of their planned investigations. Support may include advice with regard to the nature and timing of required community consultation, informed consent, study design, research dissemination, or any other concerns which may arise in the course of research. Training related to specific responsible conduct of research topics will also be available on request. These activities promise to strengthen and extend the scientific achievements of the Center.