ABCD-USA Consortium: UWM SIte

 描述（由申请人提供）：青春期是一个关键的神经发育时期，与物质使用率的急剧增加有关。确定物质使用的途径及其对儿童和青少年发展的影响至关重要，因为在持续成熟过程中物质使用的影响可能对大脑功能和行为，健康和心理结果产生长期影响。威斯康星大学密尔沃基分校、麻省总医院和德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校的本研究项目研究中心申请是对RFA-DA-15-015的回应，作为ABCD-USA联盟（4/13）的一部分，旨在前瞻性地确定儿童和青少年的神经发育和行为预测因子以及物质使用的后果。将招募1550名9-10奥尔兹的代表性社区样本，这些儿童富含高风险特征，有助于从ABCD-USA联盟的11个中心收集11,111名样本。所有参与者将接受全面的基线评估，包括最先进的脑成像，全面的神经心理学测试，生物测定，移动的监测和仔细评估物质使用，环境，精神病理学症状和社会功能，每2年一次。中期年度访谈和季度基于网络的评估将以最小的参与者负担提供行为，发展和生活事件的精确时间分辨率。在本项目过程中获得的这些联盟范围内的数据将阐明：1）物质使用模式对青少年大脑的影响; 2物质使用对行为和健康结果的影响; 3）精神病理学和物质使用模式之间的双向关系; 4）个体遗传，行为，神经生物学和环境差异对风险概况和物质使用结果的影响;以及5）不同物质使用之间的“网关相互作用”。具体的4/13目的包括：1）检查体内内源性大麻素（eCB）的影响（anandamide，2AG，CB 1 R蛋白）对青少年物质使用，大脑结构，白色物质完整性，功能连接，认知，精神病理学和健康结果的影响（压力，睡眠，肥胖，体力活动），如果大麻（MJ）预测eCB张力，以及eCB张力是否缓和MJ对神经认知的影响; 2）确定精神病理学和MJ使用标记之间的相互预测关联; 3）确定MJ使用模式是否预测青年大脑结构、白色物质完整性、功能连接、认知和健康结果轨迹的变化，并确定精神病理学和健康因素是否调节这些MJ效应。这项应用将促进我们对内源性eCB系统的理解，前瞻性地确定精神病理学对MJ使用模式的影响，并将确定特定MJ使用模式（发病年龄，总暴露量，THC：CBD，产品类型，使用途径）是否前瞻性地预测青年的精神病理学，神经认知和健康轨迹。调查结果将为预防活动，公共卫生和MJ政策提供重要信息。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adolescence is a critical neurodevelopmental period associated with dramatic increases in rates of substance use. Identifying the pathways to substance use and its effects on child and adolescent development is critically important, as the effects of substance use during ongoing maturation likely have long-lasting effects on brain functioning and behavioral, health, and psychological outcomes. This Research Project Site application from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Mass General Hospital, and University of Texas at Dallas is in response to RFA-DA-15-015 as part of the ABCD-USA Consortium (4/13), to prospectively determine the neurodevelopmental and behavioral predictors and consequences of substance use on children and adolescents. A representative community sample of 1550 9-10 year olds enriched for high-risk characteristics will be recruited, contributing to the sample of 11,111 to be collected from 11 hubs across the ABCD-USA Consortium. All participants will undergo a comprehensive baseline assessment, including state-of-the-art brain imaging, comprehensive neuropsychological testing, bioassays, mobile monitoring and careful assessment of substance use, environment, psychopathological symptoms, and social functioning every 2 years. Interim annual interviews and quarterly web-based assessments will provide refined temporal resolution of behaviors, development, and life events with minimal participant burden. These Consortium-wide data obtained during the course of this project will elucidate: 1) the effects of substance use patterns on the adolescent brain; 2 the effects of substance use on behavioral and health outcomes; 3) the bidirectional relationship between psychopathology and substance use patterns; 4) the effects of individual genetic, behavioral, neurobiological, and environmental differences on risk profiles and substance use outcomes; and 5) the "gateway interactions" between use of different substances. Specific 4/13 Aims include: 1) To examine the impact of in-vivo endocannabinoid (eCB) (anandamide, 2AG, CB1R protein) tone on youth substance use, brain structure, white matter integrity, functional connectivity, cognition, psychopathology, and health outcomes (stress, sleep, adiposity, physical activity), if marijuana (MJ) predicts eCB tone, and whether eCB tone moderates MJ effects on neurocognition; 2) To determine the reciprocal predictive association between psychopathology and MJ use markers in youth; 3) To determine whether MJ use patterns predict changes in youth brain structure, white matter integrity, functional connectivity, cognitio, and health outcomes trajectories and to determine whether psychopathology and health factors moderate these MJ effects. This application will advance our understanding of the endogenous eCB system, prospectively determine the impact of psychopathology on MJ use patterns, and will determine whether specific MJ use patterns (age of onset, total exposure, THC:CBD, product types, routes of use) prospectively predict psychopathology, neurocognitive, and health trajectories in youth. Findings will significantly inform prevention campaigns, public health and MJ policy.