“Interparental Conflict and Parenting”

鉴于家庭结构的等级性质，家庭系统理论认为亲子关系是 家庭单位的基石(Cox&Paley，2001)。尽管父母之间的分歧是经常发生的 和家庭生活的正常部分，根深蒂固的，长期的，充满敌意的争端被提议破坏家庭 功能正常。为了了解父母之间的冲突如何在整个家庭系统中产生反响，过程 父母间不和谐的模型侧重于确定父母间的冲突是如何“溢出”影响的 亲子系统内的相互作用(Easterbrooks&Emde，1988)。尽管一代人的研究 在编目亲子系统和亲子系统之间的“溢出效应”方面发挥了重要作用，但几乎没有 了解这种关系背后的机制。面向过程的研究在这方面的重要性 这一领域的突出表现是，儿童受到父母之间的敌意和 攻击性(即，2003年全国儿童健康调查)，估计表明，20%至 40%的同居父母报告称，他们的关系中存在严重的临床痛苦(Cummings& 戴维斯，2010)。此外，专家们还强调了确定本病病因的临床价值。 高冲突家庭中的育儿困难(Emery，Fincham和Cummings，1992)。 作为推进面向流程的溢出模型的第一步，该应用程序解决了 以下具体目标：(1)测试一个连锁的家庭过程，在这个过程中，父母之间存在敌意 冲突通过削弱父母的自我调节能力增加了育儿困难；(2)检查是否 父母对父母间冲突的神经生物学反应调节当前和未来的关联 父母之间的冲突和育儿困难；(3)确定父母是如何外显和内隐的 他们亲密关系中的保护性和支持性的表现可以作为 从父母间关系到亲子关系的痛苦溢出的解释过程， 以及(4)与强调了解调解的相对作用的重要性的呼声一致 过程模型中的机制，具体测试以下三条路径中每条路径的独特性 溢出机制。 为了达到这些目标，这项申请将跟踪250名父母和他们3-4岁的孩子 超过三次年度测量的儿童。多方法、多信息、多层次 测量电池与强大的基于潜伏期的定量方法相结合将产生权威 关于多级机构稳健性的新的和理论指导的假设的测试 亲子关系动态对养育子女的潜在溢出效应。

Given the hierarchical nature of family structure, family systems theory places the interparental relationship as the cornerstone of the family unit (Cox & Paley, 2001). Although disagreements between parents are a regular and normal part of family life, entrenched, chronic, and hostile disputes are proposed to undermine family functioning. To understand how interparental conflict reverberates throughout the family system, process models of interparental discord have focused on identifying how interparental conflict “spills over” to influence interactions within the parent– child system (Easterbrooks & Emde, 1988). Although a generation of research has been instrumental in cataloguing “spillover” between the interparental and parent-child subsystems, little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship. The criticality of process-oriented research in this area is underscored by the high proportion of children who are exposed to interparental hostility and aggression (i.e., National Survey of Children's Health, 2003), with estimates suggesting that between 20% to 40% of parents who live together report significant, clinical levels of distress in their relationships (Cummings & Davies, 2010). Furthermore, experts place emphasis on the clinical value of identifying the etiology of parenting difficulties within high conflict homes (Emery, Fincham, & Cummings, 1992). As a first step toward advancing a process-oriented model of spillover the application addresses the following specific aims: (1) test a cascading family process whereby experiences with hostile interparental conflict increases parenting difficulties by undermining parental self-regulatory abilities; (2) examine whether parental neurobiological reactivity to interparental conflict mediates current and prospective associations among interparental conflict and parenting difficulties; (3) identify how parental explicit and implicit representations of the protective and supportive qualities of their intimate relationship may serve as explanatory processes underlying the spillover of distress from the interparental to parent-child relationship, and (4) consistent with calls underscoring the significance of understanding the relative role of mediational mechanisms in process models, specifically test the distinctiveness of each of the three pathways as mechanisms of spillover. To address these objectives, this application will follow a sample of 250 parents and their 3-4 year-old child over three annual measurement occasions. The multi-method, multi-informant, and multi-level measurement battery combined with powerful latent based quantitative approaches will generate authoritative tests of novel and theoretically guided hypotheses regarding the robustness of multi-level mechanisms underlying spillover from interparental relation dynamics to parenting.