Virtual Reality by Mobile Phone: Improving Child Pedestrian Safety

手机虚拟现实：提高儿童行人安全 行人受伤是儿童受伤的主要原因。从经验来看，高效、实用、经济高效- 教授幼儿过马路技能的基于和理论驱动的行为干预措施包括 需要的。我们的实验室探索了虚拟现实(VR)作为一种手段来教授儿童行人安全技能 几个原因，包括：(A)它让儿童在没有监督的情况下反复在人行横道上练习 受伤风险，(B)它为儿童提供关于穿越成功或失败的自动反馈，(C)它可以量身定做 对儿童技能水平：(D)提供吸引人和有趣的培训环境，以及(E)最近给予 随着技术的进步，它提供了利用移动电话技术广泛传播的潜力。上一首 研究表明，VR是一种有效的行人安全培训工具。本提案扩展了以前的 在两个关键方面的发现。首先，它将评估使用移动电话和 Google Cardboard Platform，2014年发布的技术，使标准手机可以用作 一种身临其境的虚拟现实交付系统。第二，它将克服以往研究的局限性 建议孩子们在VR中进行了6次30分钟的训练后，学会了一些步行技能，但现在还没有 掌握成人水平的行人技能。我们将实施一项随机非劣势试验，两个大小相等的 7-8岁儿童分组(总计N=498人)。所有参与者将完成基线、干预后和6- 行人安全的每月跟踪评估和最多25次30分钟的行人安全培训 试验，直到它们达到成人的功能水平。一半的孩子将被随机分配到谷歌进行培训 纸板和另一半放在现有的半沉浸式实验室虚拟现实中。主要结果将被评估 使用ANCOVA模型。

Virtual Reality by Mobile Phone: Improving Child Pedestrian Safety Pedestrian injuries are a leading cause of pediatric injury. Effective, practical, and cost-efficient empirically- based and theoretically-driven behavioral interventions to teach young children street-crossing skills are needed. Our laboratory has explored virtual reality (VR) as a means to teach child pedestrian safety skills for several reasons, including: (a) it offers children repeated unsupervised practice in pedestrian crossings without risk of injury, (b) it provides automated feedback to children on crossing success or failure, (c) it can be tailored to child skill levels: (d) it offers an appealing and fun training environment, and (e) most recently given technological advances, it offers potential for broad dissemination using mobile phone technology. Previous work indicated VR was an effective pedestrian safety training tool. The present proposal extends previous findings in two critical ways. First, it will evaluate delivery of a pedestrian VR using a mobile phone and the Google Cardboard platform, technology released in 2014 that enables a standard mobile phone to be used as an immersive virtual reality delivery system. Second, it will overcome the limitation of previous research suggesting children learned some pedestrian skills after six 30-minute training sessions in a VR but did not yet master adult-level pedestrian skills. We will implement a randomized non-inferiority trial with two equal-sized groups of children ages 7-8 (total N = 498). All participants will complete baseline, post-intervention, and 6- month follow-up assessments of pedestrian safety and up to twenty-five 30-minute pedestrian safety training trials until they reach adult levels of functioning. Half the children will be randomly assigned to train in Google Cardboard and the other half in an existing semi-immersive laboratory VR. Primary outcomes will be assessed using ANCOVA models.