Host genetic barriers to virus spillover
Host genetic barriers to virus spillover
批准号:
10310462
负责人:
Sara Sawyer
金额:
$41.35万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2018
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2018-01-10 至 2022-12-31
关键词:
AfricanAllelesAnimalsArenavirusAvian Influenza A VirusBiocompatible MaterialsBiological AssayCCR5 geneCD4 AntigensCanine ParvovirusCanis familiarisCell Surface ReceptorsCellsDataDengue VirusDiseaseEbola virusEpidemicEventEvolutionGeneticGenetic PolymorphismGenetic VariationGenotypeGoalsHIVHIV ReceptorsHousingHumanIndividualInfectionLentivirusMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome CoronavirusModelingMutationNatureOrthologous GenePlayPopulationPredispositionPrimate LentivirusesPrimatesProcessPropertyResearchRodentRoleSARS coronavirusSIVSurveysTestingVariantViralViral GenomeViral reservoirVirusWorkZika Virusbasecross-species transmissionexperimental studyfitnessinnovationnovelpet animalpreventreceptorsimian human immunodeficiency virusspillover eventtransmission process
中文摘要
项目总结:
--
病毒可以利用细胞表面的受体来获得进入宿主细胞内部的途径。这些受体现在是未知的。
被认为是阻止病毒溢出的主要技术障碍,这是一个新的过程,动物和动物的病毒可以从一个宿主物种转移到另一个物种。
在许多有文献记载的病毒溢出的例子中,病毒通常不会在病毒中使用相同的病毒入口和受体。
无论是旧的还是新的,他们都需要获得新的突变,才能使它们与新的特定的基因同源基因相匹配。
在新宿主体内发现了受体,包括禽流感病毒、啮齿动物流感病毒、中东呼吸综合征病毒等不同的病毒。
冠状病毒、SARS病毒和埃博拉病毒在传播过程中都克服了人类体内的受体屏障。
从它们的主要动物和宿主。在这里,我们可以探索以下关于疾病和出现的假说:病毒可以产生更多的病毒。
当宿主和个体的特定受体和基因型别进入受体时,我们很容易克服受体的障碍。
我们可以用非洲灵长类动物体内的猿猴免疫缺陷病毒(SIV)储备库病毒作为研究这种、动物和动物的模型。
研究人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病病毒受体,包括CD4和CCR5,在限制这些病毒的溢出传播方面发挥的重要作用。
慢病毒(SIV/HIV)是一种非常优秀的动物模型,因为HIV/SIV的主要受体CD4和CCR5起着非常重要的作用。
宿主需要设置屏障,以防止这些病毒在灵长类动物和物种之间的直接溢出。我们和其他人已经证明,人类免疫缺陷病毒(1)感染了CD4。
而CCR5基因从一个物种到下一个物种的能力有所不同,它们作为HIV/SIV的受体基因的能力也不同。
灵长类动物种群中的个体可能有不同的病毒易感性,这是因为他们的受体基因多态。
我们将利用来自大约1300个灵长类动物的遗传基因数据和生物材料,代表大约15个不同的物种。
并提供了一系列广泛的不同的人类免疫缺陷病毒和人类免疫缺陷病毒的变种,以测试将某些特定个体置于特定人群中的这一想法。
在这种溢出效应的情况下,他们更好地做好了传播病毒或感染病毒的准备。这是该提案的主要创新成果。
旨在明确宿主的遗传变异在疾病出现中的重要作用,并将严格的重点放在疾病的进化上。
病毒的属性。这一项目将有助于我们更好地理解导致病毒产生的进化过程。
一些新的传染病的出现。这是非常重要的,因为这里的工作将不会被广泛地应用于各种不同的病毒。
除了慢病毒,宿主病毒的屏障也超出了受体受体的障碍。
英文摘要
Project Summary
Viruses exploit cell surface receptors to gain access to the interior of host cells. These receptors are now
appreciated as major obstacles to virus spillover, a process by which animal viruses move from one host species
into another. In the many documented examples of spillover, viruses typically use the same entry receptor in the
old and new host, but need to acquire mutations to make them compatible with the specific ortholog of that
receptor found in the new host. Diverse viruses such as avian influenza viruses, rodent arenaviruses, MERS
coronavirus, and possibly SARS and Ebola viruses all overcame receptor barriers in humans as they transmitted
from their animal hosts. Here, we explore the following hypothesis of disease emergence: viruses can more
easily overcome receptor barriers when host individuals of specific receptor genotypes come into
contact. We use the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) reservoir in African primates as a model for this, and
investigate the role that the SIV/HIV receptors, CD4 and CCR5, play in limiting spillover of these viruses. Primate
lentiviruses (SIV/HIV) are an excellent model because the HIV/SIV receptors CD4 and CCR5 serve as significant
host barriers to the spillover of these viruses between primate species. We and others have shown that (1) CD4
and CCR5 vary from one species to the next in their ability to serve as receptors for HIV/SIV, and (2) different
individuals within primate populations have different virus susceptibilities because of receptor polymorphisms.
We leverage genetic data and biomaterials from approximately 1,300 primates representing 15 different species,
and a broad array of different HIV and SIV variants, to test the idea that certain individuals within populations
are better poised to transmit or receive infection during spillover scenarios. The main innovation of the proposal
is to define the role of host genetic variation in disease emergence, beyond a strict focus on the evolutionary
properties of viruses. The project will aid in our understanding of the evolutionary processes leading to the
emergence of new diseases. It is significant because the work here will be widely applicable to diverse viruses
beyond lentiviruses, and to host barriers beyond receptor blocks.
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DOI:
10.1186/s12862-021-01783-z
发表时间:
2021-04-26
期刊:
BMC ecology and evolution
影响因子:
2.2
作者:
[Judd EN, Gilchrist AR, Meyerson NR, Sawyer SL]
通讯作者:
Sawyer SL
DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abh2479
发表时间:
2021-06
期刊:
Science advances
影响因子:
13.6
作者:
[Burke JM, Gilchrist AR, Sawyer SL, Parker R]
通讯作者:
Parker R
DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2022.08.002
发表时间:
2022-09-01
期刊:
CELL
影响因子:
64.5
作者:
[Rothenburg, Stefan, Yang, Zhilong, Beard, Pip, Sawyer, Sara L., Titanji, Boghuma, Gonsalves, Gregg, Kindrachuk, Jason]
通讯作者:
Kindrachuk, Jason
TRIM5α Restricts Flavivirus Replication by Targeting the Viral Protease for Proteasomal Degradation.
DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.040
发表时间:
2019-06-11
期刊:
Cell reports
影响因子:
8.8
作者:
[Chiramel AI, Meyerson NR, McNally KL, Broeckel RM, Montoya VR, Méndez-Solís O, Robertson SJ, Sturdevant GL, Lubick KJ, Nair V, Youseff BH, Ireland RM, Bosio CM, Kim K, Luban J, Hirsch VM, Taylor RT, Bouamr F, Sawyer SL, Best SM]
通讯作者:
Best SM
DOI:
10.7554/elife.65113
发表时间:
2021-03-29
期刊:
eLife
影响因子:
7.7
作者:
[Yang Q, Meyerson NR, Clark SK, Paige CL, Fattor WT, Gilchrist AR, Barbachano-Guerrero A, Healy BG, Worden-Sapper ER, Wu SS, Muhlrad D, Decker CJ, Saldi TK, Lasda E, Gonzales P, Fink MR, Tat KL, Hager CR, Davis JC, Ozeroff CD, Brisson GR, McQueen MB, Leinwand LA, Parker R, Sawyer SL]
通讯作者:
Sawyer SL
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海外基金