Technology Research and Development Project 2 (BCI2000-Based Laboratory and Clinical Systems)

自适应神经技术的开发和使用本质上是一项多学科的奋进， 神经科学、生物医学工程、电子和计算机科学以及临床领域。为了促进这些 努力，BCI 2000，一个软件平台，实现复杂的实时闭环交互与 CNS是在过去20年中开发和传播的;它支持广泛的适应性 神经技术迄今为止，BCI 2000已提供给全世界6，000多名用户;他们已将其用于 超过1，200份同行评审出版物中描述了实时实验。新的NIH支持确保了BCI 2000的 持续的发展，验证和传播，从而确保其持续的能力，以提高 用户的科学生产力。 在这个幸运的新环境中，BCI 2000的持续生存能力得到了保证，使TR&D2能够专注于 致力于提供基于BCI 2000的新型系统，以解决适应性神经技术的主要类别 研发的TR&D2在下一个资助期的目标是生产两个适应性强的系统。 支持重要的实验室或临床研究。这些系统将与下列机构合作开发： TR&D1和TR&D3，它们最初将服务于这些TR& D的目标和所有三个合作项目 TR& D。TR&D2有两个具体目标： 目标1.为小型实验室动物开发一种完全植入的遥测系统， 24/7与CNS相互作用，可以将可塑性靶向特定的CNS通路。这个新系统将是 与Triangle Biosystems，Intl.并与TR&D1合作， 将其植入老鼠体内。该系统将有助于执行、传播和探讨 各种各样的目标可塑性协议，包括那些使用操作性条件反射，配对刺激，或 其他养生 目标2.开发一个临床系统，使皮层网络的功能分析和支持干预 可以针对这些网络以及它们所促成的行为的贝内变化。合作 与TR&D3和Guger技术公司密切合作，TR&D2将开发一种床边系统， 通过皮层电图（ECoG）和/或脑立体图（Stereoencephalography）刺激和记录这些网络， （SEEG）电极阵列，并可以通过使用闭环反馈和其他方法在其中进行目标修改。 这种新的临床研究系统将鼓励研究开发协议，以指导可塑性，以恢复 因创伤或疾病而受损的认知或感觉运动行为。 通过创建、验证和传播这些系统，TR&D2将为科学家、工程师和临床医生提供 具有解决重要科学和临床问题的新能力。这些新系统将推动 开发和使用新的神经技术，可以减少神经系统疾病的破坏性影响。

The development and use of adaptive neurotechnologies is an inherently multidisciplinary endeavor, involving neuroscience, biomedical engineering, electrical and computer science, and clinical domains. To facilitate these endeavors, BCI2000, a software platform that implements complex real-time closed-loop interactions with the CNS, has been developed and disseminated over the past 20 years; it supports a wide range of adaptive neurotechnologies. To date, BCI2000 has been provided to more than 6,000 users worldwide; they have used it for real-time experiments described in over 1,200 peer-reviewed publications. New NIH support ensures BCI2000's continued development, validation, and dissemination, and thereby ensures its continued ability to enhance the scientific productivity of its users. This fortunate new environment, in which the continued viability of BCI2000 is assured, enables TR&D2 to focus its efforts on providing novel BCI2000-based systems that address major categories of adaptive neurotechnology research and development. TR&D2's goal for the next grant period is to produce two highly adaptable systems that support important laboratory or clinical investigations. These systems will be developed in cooperation with TR&D1 and TR&D3, and they will initially serve the aims of these TR&Ds and the collaborative projects of all three TR&Ds. TR&D2 has two specific aims: Aim 1. To develop a wholly implanted telemetry-based system for small laboratory animals that supports long-term 24/7 interactions with the CNS and can target plasticity to specific CNS pathways. This new system will be developed, optimized, and validated in collaboration with Triangle Biosystems, Intl. and in cooperation with TR&D1, which will implant it and use it in rats. The system will enable the implementation, dissemination and exploration of a wide variety of targeted-plasticity protocols, including those that use operant conditioning, paired stimulation, or other regimens. Aim 2. To develop a clinical system that enables functional analysis of cortical networks and supports interventions that can target beneficial changes in these networks and in the behaviors to which they contribute. In cooperation with TR&D3 and working closely with Guger Technologies, TR&D2 will develop a bedside system that can map these networks by stimulating and recording through electrocorticographic (ECoG) and/or stereoencephalographic (SEEG) electrode arrays and can target modifications in them by using closed-loop feedback and other methods. This new clinical research system will encourage studies that develop protocols to guide plasticity so as to restore cognitive or sensorimotor behaviors impaired by trauma or disease. By creating, validating, and disseminating these systems, TR&D2 will provide scientists, engineers, and clinicians with new ability to address important scientific and clinical problems. These novel systems will advance the development and use of new neurotechnologies that can reduce the devastating impact of neurological disorders.