Prefrontal and Amygdalar Mechanisms of Live Social Gaze Interaction

项目摘要 社会互动的特点是个体之间临时和动态的凝视交流，而这些 交流有力地塑造了个人之间的交流和协调的社会行为。因此， 不同的社交凝视互动经常导致在收集和处理来自 并进一步扰乱其他社会认知。非人灵长类动物模型的一个很好的用途是研究 偶然的和动态的社会凝视背后的神经回路，并测试它们的因果贡献。我们有 研究表明，与真正的伴侣互动会导致截然不同的社交凝视动态 在图片或视频中观察到相同的同种情况。此外，使用这种实时的社交凝视互动 范式，我们最近在眼眶前额叶皮质发现了社交凝视互动的强大神经关联 杏仁基底外侧核(BLA)。然而，OFC和BLA的因果作用，以及OFC-BLA的相互作用， 在调节社交凝视方面，互动仍未确立。由我们的最新数据和其他新兴数据提供信息 根据这一领域的发现，我们假设：(1)血乳酸是优先将注意力引导到社交上所必需的 而(2)OFC是调节社交凝视互动所必需的 根据社会背景，以及(3)OFC和BLA之间的沟通需要应急 和动态的社交凝视互动。为了测试这一总体假设，我们将首先检查泛函 OFC和BLA神经元的社会注视偏好与价值加工的关系。我们假设 BLA神经元使用配价模式处理社交凝视交互，而OFC神经元不使用。 第二，我们将考察OFC、BLA以及OFC-BLA在社交凝视互动中相互作用的必要性 暂时停用OFC或BLA，或交叉停用OFC和BLA。我们假设BLA是必要的 优先将注意力引导到伴侣的眼睛并对其进行处理，而OFC对于社交来说是必要的 视线动态的上下文相关变化与配对之间的优势和熟悉度有关。我们还预测 OFC和BLA之间的直接交流对于社会凝视的互动方面尤为关键。 最后，通过记录一个区域的神经活动，同时暂时使另一个区域失活，我们将检查 OFC和BLA中需要功能BLA或OFC的社交凝视交互的神经表征， 分别进行了分析。该提案的结果将提供OFC-BLA在功能上知情的因果贡献 现实生活中社交凝视互动中的循环。

Project Summary Social interactions are marked by contingent and dynamic gaze exchanges among individuals, and these exchanges powerfully shape inter-individual communication and coordinated social behaviors. Consequentially, divergent social gaze interactions frequently lead to challenges in gathering and processing information from others and further disrupt other social cognition. An excellent use of a non-human primate model is to study neural circuits underlying contingent and dynamic social gaze, and test for their causal contributions. We have shown that interacting with a real partner leads to drastically different social gaze dynamics compared to observing the same conspecific in pictures or videos. Furthermore, using this live social gaze interaction paradigm, we have recently found robust neural correlates of social gaze interaction in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the basolateral amygdala (BLA). However, causal roles of OFC and BLA, and the OFC-BLA interplay, in regulating social gaze interaction remain unestablished. Informed by our latest data and other emerging findings from the field, we hypothesize that (1) BLA is required for preferentially directing attention to social stimuli by processing social gaze valence, whereas (2) OFC is required for regulating social gaze interaction according to social context, and that (3) the communication between OFC and BLA is required for contingent and dynamic social gaze interaction. To test this overarching hypothesis, we will first examine the functional relationship between social gaze preference and value processing in OFC and BLA neurons. We hypothesize that BLA neurons process social gaze interaction using a valence schema, whereas OFC neurons do not. Second, we will examine the necessity of OFC, BLA, and the OFC-BLA interplay in social gaze interaction by temporarily inactivating OFC or BLA, or cross-inactivating OFC and BLA. We hypothesize that BLA is necessary for preferentially directing attention to partner’s eyes and processing them, whereas OFC is necessary for social context-dependent changes in gaze dynamics linked to dominance and familiarity between pairs. We also predict that the direct communication between OFC and BLA is particularly crucial for interactive aspects of social gaze. Finally, by recording neural activity from one area while temporarily inactivating the other area, we will examine the neural representations of social gaze interaction in OFC and BLA that require functioning BLA or OFC, respectively. Results from this proposal will provide functionally informed causal contributions of the OFC-BLA circuits in real-life social gaze interaction.