Neural investigations into cooperative social interactions in marmoset dyads

项目摘要 先进的社会认知允许与其他群体成员进行合作和互惠互动，使之成为 对于我们和其他高度社会化的动物来说，可能会利用与亲社会相关的各种好处。 然而，研究协作交互的神经基础在很大程度上是具有挑战性的，因为 神经科学的标准实验动物模型并不公开或可靠地表现出合作行为， 更不用说基于利他主义的互惠了。绒猴是一种合作繁殖的非人类灵长类动物，众所周知 它们的亲社会性和社会容忍性使其成为具有很强使用潜力的模型系统 了解复杂的社会行为。绒猴也提供了产生 转基因灵长类动物及其扁平的大脑皮层可以很容易地进入具有高密度电极的大脑区域。在……里面 这一探索性的R21建议，我们将利用基于视频的面部连续跟踪的最新进展 使用深度学习网络严格表征协作交互的特征和身体定向 绒猴二人组。此外，我们将研究眶前叶皮质(Ofc)和背外侧的神经活动。 前额叶皮质(DlPFC)-两个前额叶区域在人类的基础上集中牵涉到协作 功能磁共振成像研究-使用无线和高密度神经记录，允许 在自然社会互动中对神经活动的检查，这在传统的大脑中是无法达到的- 受限制的电生理学实验。我们将把这些新方法应用于一种合作行为 由绒猴行为行为学和灵长类动物学启发的范式。我们假设OFC中的神经元 强化合作属性的过程，而dlPFC中的神经元战略性地实施合作 决定。总体而言，我们的建议独一无二地允许用精确的、自然主义的、行为的 数据，克服了在实验环境中使用自然行为和收集神经的困难 观察性实地研究中的数据。R21提案中的数据对于开展更大规模的研究至关重要 未来将使用多个范围和因果元素来了解神经机制 潜在的合作社交。

Project Summary Advanced social cognition permits cooperative and reciprocal interactions with other group members, making it possible for us and other highly social animals to capitalize on various benefits associated with prosociality. However, investigating the neural bases of cooperative interactions is quite challenging largely due to the fact that standard laboratory animal models of neuroscience do not overtly or reliably exhibit cooperative behaviors, let alone reciprocity based on altruism. Marmosets are cooperatively breeding non-human primates known for their prosociality and socially tolerant characteristics making them a model system with strong potential for use towards understanding complex social behaviors. Marmosets also provide strong promise for generating transgenic primates, and their flat cortices allow easy access to brain regions with high-density electrodes. In this exploratory R21 proposal, we will capitalize on recent advances in video-based continuous tracking of facial features and body orientations using a deep learning network to rigorously characterize cooperative interactions of marmoset dyads. Further, we will study neural activity from the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) – the two prefrontal regions centrally implicated in cooperation based on human functional magnetic resonance imaging studies – using wireless and high-density neural recording, allowing examinations of neural activity during naturalistic social interactions that are not accessible in traditional head- restrained electrophysiology experiments. We will apply these novel approaches in a cooperative behavioral paradigm inspired by marmoset behavioral ethology and primatology. We hypothesize that neurons in the OFC process reinforcing properties of cooperation, whereas neurons in the dlPFC strategically implement cooperation decisions. Overall, our proposal uniquely allows studying neural dynamics with precise, naturalistic, behavioral data, overcoming the difficulty of using naturalistic behaviors in experimental settings and of collecting neural data in observational field studies. The data from this R21 proposal will be critical for developing a larger research program in the future with multiple scopes and causal elements for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying cooperative social interaction.