Toxic Metals in the Northeast: From Biological To Envir*

描述(由申请人提供) 有毒金属是Superfund和其他废物处理场以及整个环境中的一个主要问题。有毒物质和疾病登记局(ATSDR)优先清单上的前50种物质中有8种是有毒金属，包括前三种优先物质：砷、铅和汞。美国环境保护署(EPA)固体废物和紧急反应办公室(OSWER)列出的超级基金所在地最受关注的化学品名单上的22种物质中，有8种是有毒金属。在目前的1,200个超级基金地点中，超过60%的地点含有大量有毒金属污染，其中超过70%的地点仅砷就存在。此次更新达特茅斯SBRP项目(东北的有毒金属：从生物影响到环境影响)的总体目标是了解砷和其他有毒金属如何对人类健康和环境造成不利影响。调查人员特别重视砷，这是所有六个研究项目的研究重点，也是该计划跨学科界限的主要整合因素；他们还强调汞、镉和铅。该计划的其他主要整合主题是广泛应用毒物基因组学和生物标志物，以及分析多种应激源，作为有毒金属对环境健康影响的主要机制。该方案包括四个生物医学(项目2、4、5、8)和两个非生物医学研究项目(项目6和7)；三个科学支助核心(A、B、D)；一个培训核心和社区推广核心；以及行政和翻译核心。研究项目包括项目2(砷作为内分泌干扰物)、项目4(砷流行病学、生物标记物和暴露评估)、项目5(有毒金属与细胞蛋白质的相互作用)、项目6(科克利超级基金地点的砷水文地球化学)、项目7(有毒金属在水生食物网中的营养转移)和项目8(砷和ABC转运体)。科学支持核心包括分子生物学和蛋白质组学核心(核心A)、微量元素分析核心(核心B)和生物标志物核心(核心D)。社区外联项目的重点是提高人们对预防铅中毒的认识，对象是曼彻斯特州未得到充分服务的少数群体，并涉及与新罕布夏州和曼彻斯特市的机构以及几个当地非营利性社区团体的合作。该计划的多学科性质，加上其在整个计划范围内对砷和其他有毒金属的独特关注及其其他整合主题，旨在创建和促进一个真正跨学科但又专注于研究、教育、推广和培训的计划。

DESCRIPTION (provide by applicant) Toxic metals are a major concern both at Superfund and other waste sites and in the environment in general. Eight of the top fifty substances on the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) priority list are toxic metals, including the top three priority substances, arsenic, lead and mercury. Eight of the twenty-two substances on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) list of chemicals of highest concern at Superfund sites are toxic metals. Over 60% of the 1,200 current Superfund sites contain substantial contamination by toxic metals, and arsenic alone is present in over 70% of these sites. The overall objective of this renewal of the Dartmouth SBRP Project (Toxic Metals in the Northeast: From Biological to Environmental Implications) is to understand how arsenic and other toxic metals contribute to adverse effects on human health and the environment. The investigators have a particular emphasis on arsenic, which is the focus of research in all six of the research projects and which serves as a major integrator of the Program across disciplinary boundaries; they also have an emphasis on mercury, cadmium and lead. Other major integrating themes of the Program are the extensive application of toxicogenomics and biomarkers, and the analysis of multiple stressors as a major mechanism underlying the environmental health impact of toxic metals. This Program consists of four biomedical (Projects 2, 4, 5, 8) and two nonbiomedical Research Projects (Projects 6 and 7); three Scientific Support Cores (A, B, D); a Training Core and Community Outreach Core; and Administrative and Translation Cores. Research projects include Project 2 (Arsenic as an endocrine disruptor), Project 4 (Arsenic epidemiology, biomarkers and exposure assessment), Project 5 (Toxic metal interactions with cellular proteins), Project 6 (Arsenic hydrogeochemistry at the Coakley Superfund site), Project 7 (Trophic transfer of toxic metals in aquatic food webs) and Project 8 (Arsenic and ABC transporters). Scientific Support Cores include a Molecular Biology & Proteomics Core (MBP) (Core A), a Trace Elements Analysis Core (Core B) and a Biomarkers Core (Core D). The Community Outreach Project is focused on lead poisoning prevention awareness, targeting underserved minority populations in Manchester NH, and involves collaborations with agencies of the State of New Hampshire and the City of Manchester and several local non-profit community groups. The multi-disciplinary nature of this Program, combined with its unique Program-wide focus on arsenic and other toxic metals and its other integrating themes is designed to create and foster a truly interdisciplinary yet focused research, education, outreach and training program.