Managing Excess Infant Energy Intake by Increasing Satiation Responsiveness in Dyadic Feeding Interactions

项目总结 新出现的证据表明，胃口更大的婴儿可能会从不同的喂养中受益 预防肥胖和慢性病的方法。放慢产奶速度可能是一个很有希望的办法 策略，因为进食较慢与整个过程中摄入量减少和体重增加较少有关 寿命，包括婴儿期。在243名2-4个月大的婴儿的样本中，分娩速度较慢的婴儿增加了 吸力和摄入量减少。这个实验的结果，虽然只反映了一对 喂养表明，缓慢的母乳输送可能是一种有希望的干预策略，以解决过度 婴儿体重增加。然而，在这种干预的发展可能之前，仍有许多问题 追求，包括这种行为改变的机制。拟议的项目将检查婴儿、母亲、 以及本实验中喂奶速度较慢的喂奶过程中的并元交互行为，以及 比较婴儿、母亲和分娩速度较快和较慢的行为，以解决以下问题 目标。目标1(K99)：检验婴儿的相对贡献(饱足信号，行为困扰， 吸吮活力)、母性(反应性、行为困扰)和二元(相互作用、喂养持续时间)行为 作为解释单次喂奶中牛奶输送减慢对摄入量减少的影响的机制。目标2 (K99)：为了检查这个概念模型中的关联路径是否在患有 典型的与高胃口的驱动力。目标3(R00)：在220名8-12周的婴儿中进行交叉检查 与典型的交叉滞后相比，72小时的哺乳速度减慢了30% 吸吮活力和喂食频率较基线的变化与婴儿饱腹感信号的关联， 婴儿行为障碍和二元互补性，并确定这些关联是否基于较高的 与较低的婴儿食欲相比。私家侦探克兰德尔博士是一位跨学科的行为科学家 有营养学、心理学和公共卫生方面的背景。她不断发展的研究项目试图理解 婴儿高食欲驱动力的级联效应，将婴儿进食/喂养的二元性与 希望制定安全、有效和公平的干预战略。在一个 多学科导师团队，在这个奖项的培训阶段，克兰德尔博士将增加她的内容 婴儿进食行为和生长的生理学知识；获得三个级别的经验 母婴喂养相互作用的行为编码；获得结构方程建模的经验 技术；在R00阶段，对婴儿/母亲的喂养行为进行独立调查 随着多天的牛奶输送速度变慢。在颁奖期结束时，克兰德尔博士将 准备测试一项旨在管理婴儿高食欲和过量摄入的干预措施 风险最大，同时促进母婴福祉和健康的二元互动。

PROJECT SUMMARY Emerging evidence suggests that infants with greater appetitive drive may benefit from different feeding approaches for the prevention of obesity and chronic disease. Slower milk delivery may be a promising strategy, given that slower eating is associated with reduced intake and lesser weight gain throughout the lifespan, including in infancy. In a sample of 243 infants aged 2-4 months, slower milk delivery increased sucking effort and reduced intake. The results of this experiment, though reflective of only a single pair of feedings, suggest that slower milk delivery may be a promising intervention strategy for addressing excessive infant weight gain. However, many questions remain before the development of such an intervention could be pursued, including the mechanism for this behavior change. The proposed project will examine infant, mother, and dyadic interaction behavior during the feedings with slower milk delivery from this experiment, and compare infant, mother, and dyadic behavior between faster and slower milk delivery to address the following aims. Aim 1 (K99): To examine the relative contributions of infant (satiation signaling, behavioral distress, sucking vigor), maternal (responsivity, behavioral distress), and dyadic (mutuality, feeding duration) behaviors as mechanisms explaining the effect of slowed milk delivery on reduced intake in a single feeding. Aim 2 (K99): To examine whether the pathways of association in this conceptual model differ between infants with typical versus high appetitive drive. Aim 3 (R00): Among 220 infants at age 8-12 weeks, to examine—across 72 hours of feedings in which milk delivery rate is slowed by 30% compared to typical—the cross-lagged associations of changes from baseline in sucking vigor and feeding frequency with infant satiation signaling, infant behavioral distress, and dyadic mutuality and to determine if these associations differ based on higher versus lower infant appetitive drive. The PI, Dr. Crandall, is a behavioral scientist with an interdisciplinary background in nutrition, psychology, and public health. Her growing research program seeks to understand the cascading effect of high infant appetitive drive, integrating the dyadic nature of infant eating/feeding with the hope of developing safe, effective, and equitable intervention strategies. With the support of a multidisciplinary team of mentors, during the training phase of this award Dr. Crandall will grow her content knowledge of the physiology of infant eating behavior and growth; gain experience with three levels of behavioral coding of mother-infant feeding interactions; gain experience with structural equation modeling techniques; and, in the R00 phase, conduct an independent investigation of infant/mother feeding behavior with slower milk delivery across multiple days. At the conclusion of the award period, Dr. Crandall will be poised to test an intervention designed to manage high appetitive drive and excessive intake, among infants most at risk, while promoting maternal and infant well-being and the health of the dyadic interaction.