Rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella from blood, food and feces

性状（由申请方提供）：伤寒沙门氏菌和沙门氏菌。肠道副伤寒血清型A和B是伤寒和副伤寒的病原体，在许多卫生条件差、水和食物被人类粪便污染的国家，是发病和死亡的重要原因。长期以来，非伤寒沙门氏菌（NTS）一直被认为是胃肠炎的原因，并且在美国和全球范围内，越来越多的人认识到，多种耐药菌株也正在成为侵袭性菌血症和局灶性感染的重要原因，导致住院和死亡。目前沙门氏菌检测和鉴定的金标准方法。是细菌培养，其耗时、费力并且通常需要将菌株送到参考实验室进行血清型鉴定。目前迫切需要一种灵敏、特异的快速诊断方法来检测血液、食物和粪便中的沙门氏菌。该研究方案验证了超快速、高灵敏度的微波加速金属增强荧光（MAMEF）技术可用于检测沙门氏菌的假设。在不到两分钟的时间里。我们的目标是使用这种技术来检测任何沙门氏菌，特别是伤寒血清型S。伤寒沙门氏菌S.甲型副伤寒和非伤寒血清型S.鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（S.血液食物和粪便引起的肠道感染我们预计，这种方法将比传统的微生物方法更快，更具成本效益。如果成功，未来的快速诊断测试将有助于监测工作，以确定病例（由于伤寒或非伤寒沙门氏菌），以改善侵袭性沙门氏菌疾病的负担（特别是在以前接受抗生素的患者中），并在食品工业中识别沙门氏菌污染的食品。 公共卫生相关性：伤寒沙门氏菌是许多卫生条件差、水和食物被人类粪便污染的国家发病和死亡的重要原因。非伤寒沙门氏菌（NTS）长期以来一直被认为是胃肠炎的原因，并且在美国和全球范围内越来越多地认识到，耐药菌株也正在成为导致住院和死亡的血流感染的重要原因。我们设计了一种诊断策略，用于检测人类血液，污染的食品和粪便中的沙门氏菌，该策略比目前可用的临床技术更特异，更灵敏，更快速。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and S. enterica serovars Paratyphi A and B, the causative agents of typhoid and paratyphoid fever, are important causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries with poor sanitation and water and food contaminated by human fecal waste. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) have long been known to be a cause of gastroenteritis and it is becoming increasingly recognized, both in the USA and globally, that multiple antibiotic-resistant strains are also emerging as important causes of invasive bacteremia and focal infections, resulting in hospitalizations and deaths. The current gold standard method for detection and identification of Salmonella spp. is bacterial culture which is time-consuming, laborious and often requires strains to be sent to a reference laboratory for serovar identification. There is a pressing need for a sensitive and specific rapid diagnostic test to detect Salmonella in blood, food and feces. This research proposal tests the hypothesis that the ultra-fast, highly sensitive microwave-accelerated metal-enhanced fluorescence (MAMEF) technology can be used to detect Salmonella spp. in less than 2 minutes. We aim to use this technology to detect any Salmonella and specifically the typhoidal serovars S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A, and the non-typhoidal serovars S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis from blood, food, and feces. We anticipate that this approach will be much faster and more cost-effective than traditional microbiological methods. If successful, a future rapid diagnostic test will be useful in surveillance efforts to identify cases (due to typhoidal or non-typhoidal Salmonella), to refine the burden of invasive Salmonella disease (particularly in patients who previously received antibiotics) and in the food industry to identify food contaminated with Salmonella. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Typhoidal Salmonella are important causes of morbidity and mortality in many countries with poor sanitation and water and food contaminated by human fecal waste. Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) have long been known to be a cause of gastroenteritis and it is becoming increasingly recognized, both in the USA and globally, that antibiotic-resistant strains are also emerging as important causes of bloodstream infections resulting in hospitalizations and deaths. We have designed a diagnostic strategy, for detection of Salmonella species in human blood, contaminated food and feces which is specific, sensitive, and more rapid than currently available clinical techniques.