A Multimethod Examination of Individual and Environment Contributors to Racial Inequities in Cannabis Use

项目摘要 意义：相对于白人，黑人年轻人吸食的大麻更多，也更有可能 经历大麻使用障碍。造成这些不平等的原因，包括由 系统性种族主义，人们对此了解甚少，急需进行实证研究。建议的社区- Engine R01考察了应激源、反应性(生理和情绪)、 和大麻认知(渴望、动机)，以确定造成大麻不平等的过程 将结果用于黑人年轻人。目标：目标1将考察黑人和白人青年之间的差异 成年人对大麻的认知和与急性应激源有关的大麻问题。目标2将测试反应性，如 人与人之间和人与人之间的一种特征，它加强了经历应激源对大麻的影响 认知和大麻结果。Aim 3将审查大麻使用、大麻 通过12个月的随访，从认知能力和反应能力方面进行评估。假设：我们假设布莱克 相对于白人，年轻人将报告更高的大麻渴望，应对动机和大麻问题。 这些差异将部分由包括歧视事件在内的严重应激源推动。此外，作为一项 系统性种族主义的作用，黑人相对于白人年轻人将对急性 这将加强急性应激暴露与大麻认知之间的联系。黑色 超过白人的年轻人将在6个月和12个月期间增加大麻的使用和问题 后续行动和这一增长将由更高的基线大麻认知推动。大麻使用量增加 从基线到6个月的随访将与12个月随访时反应性的增加相关。反过来, 反应性的增强将与急性应激暴露与大麻之间的紧密联系有关 在为期12个月的生态瞬时评估(EMA)中的认知。方法：年轻人使用 大麻(每周+频率；N=350；18-25岁；60%自我认同为黑人，50%为女性 出生；过去30天大麻使用频率在不同种族中匹配。)将会被招募。参与者将完成一份 访谈/问卷和评估反应性的标准化压力任务(主观的、生理的：HF- (HRV)和渴望。接下来，参与者将完成为期17天的EMA方案，以记录压力和歧视 事件、反应性(主观和生理)、大麻认知和大麻使用/问题。平行实验室 EMA议定书将在12个月的后续行动中完成，并简要调查大麻的使用情况和问题 6个月的时候。这项提议直接符合NIDA关于通过以下方式增加卫生公平的战略优先事项 社区参与的研究和NIDA对解决现实世界复杂性的关注 物质使用问题。这项研究向确定近端干预点迈出了关键的一步。 减少并最终消除大麻使用结果中日益严重的健康不平等现象。

Project Summary Significance: Black relative to White young adults engage in heavier cannabis use and are more likely to experience cannabis use disorder. The reasons for these inequities, including the role of stress caused by systemic racism, are poorly understood and in critical need of empirical study. The proposed community- engaged R01 examines the dynamic transactions between stressors, reactivity (physiological and emotional), and cannabis cognitions (craving, motives) to identify the processes that contribute to inequities in cannabis use outcomes for Black young adults. Aims: Aim 1 will examine differences between Black and White young adults in cannabis cognitions and cannabis problems in relation to acute stressors. Aim 2 will test reactivity as a between- and within- person characteristic that tightens the effect of experiencing a stressor on cannabis cognitions and cannabis outcomes. Aim 3 will examine the transaction among cannabis use, cannabis cognitions, and reactivity from BL through 12-month follow-up. Hypotheses: We hypothesize that Black relative to White young adults will report higher cannabis craving, coping motives, and cannabis problems. These differences will be partially driven by acute stressors, including discrimination events. Additionally, as a function of systemic racism, Black relative to White young adults will have heightened reactivity to acute stressors, which will tighten the association between acute stress exposure and cannabis cognitions. Black more than White young adults will increase their cannabis use and problems through the 6- and 12-month follow-ups and this increase will be driven by higher baseline cannabis cognitions. Increases in cannabis use from baseline to 6-month follow-up will be associated with increased reactivity at 12-month follow-up. In turn, increased reactivity will relate to tightened associations between acute stress exposure and cannabis cognitions during the 12-month ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Approach: Young adults who use cannabis (weekly+ freq.; N=350; 18-25 years of age; 60% self-identifying as Black, 50% assigned female at birth; matched across race on past 30-day cannabis use freq.) will be recruited. Participants will complete an interview/questionnaires and a standardized stress task to assess reactivity (subjective, physiological: HF- HRV) and craving. Next, participants will complete a 17-day EMA protocol to record stress and discrimination events, reactivity (subjective and physiological), cannabis cognitions, and cannabis use/problems. Parallel lab and EMA protocols will be completed at a 12-month follow-up with a brief survey of cannabis use and problems at 6 months. This proposal is directly in line with NIDA’s strategic priorities on increasing health equity through community-engaged research and NIDA’s focus on addressing real-world complexities that contribute to substance use problems. This research takes a critical step towards identifying proximal points of intervention to reduce and ultimately eliminate the growing health inequities in cannabis use outcomes.