Eating, Activity, and Weight-Related Problems Across the Life Course in Diverse Populations

摘要/摘要 肥胖和其他与体重有关的问题，包括饮食摄入不足、体力活动不足、身体 不满意和无序的饮食行为是主要的公共卫生问题，因为他们的高 流行率和严重的健康后果。这些问题在年轻人中的高流行率 低收入和族裔/种族少数群体尤其令人关切。这项研究的目的是确定 在生命的关键阶段影响广泛的体重相关问题的多层次因素 指导开发高度创新、文化可接受和有效的干预措施的课程 最需要帮助的人群。重点将放在从青春期到成年期的过渡上，以及 对于体重问题的发展而言，生命中的这段时期尚未得到充分的研究，但却很重要。这项研究计划是 旨在实现首席调查员的愿景，使所有背景的年轻人都能 积极的体重相关健康，在家人、朋友、学校、工作场所和邻居的支持下。 这一杰出研究员奖(R35-OIA)将支持一名高生产率和高效率的研究人员 和她的团队，以一种将促进创造力、允许战略冒险并对 与体重相关的问题。该研究计划将长期和明确的队列研究与 一个灵活的计划，以解决新出现的感兴趣的话题。该研究计划建立并扩展了 项目EAT(青少年和青少年的饮食和活动)研究，规模最大，最全面 检验与体重相关的广泛问题的多水平预测因素的纵向研究主体 年轻人。研究计划将包括以下内容：1)12年纵向、多层次随访 从不同样本的年轻人(N=2,793)及其家庭收集与体重有关问题的数据， 朋友、学校、工作地点和邻里环境；2)中速反应调查 捕捉短期变化并评估社会变化和新政策影响的机制 与体重相关结果的潜在相关性；3)使用多种方法进行深入研究的创新性分研究 探索多层次的病因过程以指导干预措施的发展；以及4)有指导的培训 为新的研究人员提供的计划，他们将塑造与青少年体重相关的健康领域的未来。 内审办的这一综合研究计划将导致多层次解释性的发展 年轻人体重相关问题的模型和对高危人群的干预。 整合强有力的培训计划将确保下一代公共卫生专业人员 防止被边缘化人口继续背负与体重有关的问题的工具。 因此，这项研究计划建立在NHLBI战略愿景的基础上，特别是关于目标：1) 调查造成人群健康差异的因素；以及2)发展、多样化和 培养一支能够完成NHLBI使命的科学队伍。

SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Obesity and other weight-related problems, including poor dietary intake, inadequate physical activity, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating behaviors, are of major public health concern, given their high prevalence and serious health consequences. The high prevalence of these problems in young people from low-income and ethnic/racial minority groups is of particular concern. This program of research aims to identify multi-level factors influencing a broad range of weight-related problems throughout key stages of the life course to guide the development of highly innovative, culturally acceptable, and effective interventions for populations in greatest need. The focus will be on the transition from adolescence to adulthood, an understudied, but important, period of life for the development of weight problems. This program of research is aimed at achieving the Principal Investigator's vision whereby young people from all backgrounds will have positive weight-related health, with support from their family, friends, schools, worksites, and neighborhoods. This Outstanding Investigator Award (R35-OIA) will support a highly productive and effective researcher and her team in a manner that will promote creativity, allow strategic risk-taking, and have a great impact on weight-related problems. The program of research combines a longstanding and well-defined cohort study with a flexible plan to address emerging topics of interest. The research program builds and expands upon the Project EAT (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults) studies, the largest and most comprehensive longitudinal body of research examining multi-level predictors of a broad range of weight-related problems in young people. The research program will include the following: 1) 12-year longitudinal, multi-level follow-up data collection on weight-related problems from a diverse sample of young people (N=2,793) and their family, friend, school, worksite, and neighborhood environments; 2) intermediate and rapid response survey mechanisms to capture short-term changes and assess the impact of societal changes and emerging policies of potential relevance to weight-related outcomes; 3) innovative substudies using multiple methods for in-depth explorations of multi-level etiological processes to guide intervention development; and 4) a mentored training program for new investigators who will shape the future of the field of young adult weight-related health. This OIA comprehensive program of research will lead to the development of multi-level explanatory models for weight-related problems in young people and interventions for populations at greatest risk. Integration of a strong training program will ensure that the next generation of public health professionals has the tools to prevent marginalized populations from continuing to carry the burden of weight-related problems. Thus, this program of research builds on the NHLBI Strategic Vision, particularly regarding the objectives: 1) to investigate factors that account for differences in health among populations; and 2) to develop, diversify, and sustain a scientific workforce capable of accomplishing NHLBI's mission.