Studies of Populations Exposed to Environmental Sources of Radiation

马亚克核设施在特恰河中暴露于放射性废物的人口的癌症死亡率正在对居住在俄罗斯乌拉尔南部特恰河岸边的大约30 000人进行癌症死亡率评估，这些人长期暴露于马亚克核设施排放到河中的放射性废物的环境辐射中。目前的工作重点是利用最近的后续数据和剂量测定系统进行统计分析，并编写手稿。实体癌和白血病死亡率之间存在显著的剂量-反应关系。白俄罗斯/乌克兰的切尔诺贝利甲状腺研究乌克兰切尔诺贝利事故污染了白俄罗斯、乌克兰西北部和与俄罗斯接壤的省份的大部分地区。两项个人剂量估计的病例对照研究表明，甲状腺癌与事故相关尘埃的环境辐射剂量之间存在统计上的显着联系。REB和他的合作者组织了对儿童时期在白俄罗斯和乌克兰受到事故影响的人进行良性和恶性甲状腺疾病的后续筛查研究。每个国家约12,000名受试者的甲状腺每两年进行一次筛查，乌克兰为4个周期，白俄罗斯为3个周期。这些项目已经从积极的筛查过渡到利用现有的国家癌症登记的其他形式的后续行动。我们已经完成了一项基于队列的胶质瘤全基因组关联研究，其中包括来自队列联盟的18项研究，目的是确认与胶质瘤风险相关的基因区域，识别在队列环境中可能更明显的新的遗传易感性区域，并基于队列中可用的协变量数据进行有针对性的基因环境分析。器官剂量计算计算机程序的研制基于蒙特卡罗输运理论的计算机程序

Cancer Mortality Among Populations Exposed to Radioactive Waste in the Techa River by Mayak Nuclear Facility Cancer mortality is being evaluated in a cohort of approximately 30,000 people who lived by the banks of the Techa River in the Southern Urals of Russia and had protracted environmental radiation exposure from radioactive waste released into the river by the Mayak nuclear facility. Current efforts focus on statistical analyses using the recent follow-up data and dosimetry system and manuscript preparation. Significant dose-response relationships have been observed for both solid cancer and leukemia mortality. Chernobyl Thyroid Study in Belarus/Ukraine The Chernobyl accident in Ukraine contaminated large parts of Belarus, northwestern Ukraine, and bordering Russian provinces. Two case-control studies with individual dose estimates demonstrated a statistically significant link between thyroid cancer and environmental radiation dose from fallout related to the accident. REB and collaborators organized follow-up screening studies of benign and malignant thyroid disease among those exposed as children to fallout from the accident in Belarus and in Ukraine. The thyroid glands of approximately 12,000 subjects in each country have been screened biennially for four cycles in Ukraine and three cycles in Belarus. The projects have transitioned from active screening to other forms of follow-up using existing national cancer registries. Cohort-based GWAS of Glioma We have completed a cohort-based genome wide association study of glioma including 18 studies from the Cohort Consortium, with the aim of confirming gene regions associated with glioma risk, identifying new regions of genetic susceptibility that may be more apparent in a cohort setting, and conducting targeted gene-environment analyses based on the covariate data available from cohorts. Development of Computer Program for Organ Dose Calculations The computer program is based on Monte Carlo transport t