Project 3

摘要：项目3(P3) 背景：电子烟是青少年和青少年最常用的烟草产品 成年人。在这一人群中，电子烟的使用与随后开始吸烟有关。电子烟产品 多样性(即产品特性和相关的营销策略)可以成为FDA产品的目标 标准和营销限制，以减少电子烟对年轻人的不利影响。然而，在那里 在这个话题上几乎没有证据。P3将测试虚拟的电子烟产品特征和营销 可能吸引从不吸烟的人并使他们面临烟草产品使用风险但不影响 年轻吸烟者采用并改用电子烟的可能性。这些数据将告知监管政策 符合FDA的使命，即“作为一个整体保护人口”。示例假设的产品功能可能 不成比例地吸引从不吸烟的人(与吸烟者相比)包括甜味(与烟草或其他口味相比)，去吸烟 用于产生大型气雾云的病毒和电子液体组合物(与看起来和 感觉就像香烟)，以及面向年轻人的电子液体命名营销策略，如《Kustard Killer》和 包装上有(与没有)卡通形象。方法：P3将在一个大型的中心范围的南加州大学检验这些假说。 由人口核心监督的TCORS队列(N=6400)。丰富的纵向收集数据，包括多达8个 多年的累积随访将跨越14-24岁的关键发育窗口，在此期间 从历史上看，终生烟草使用模式已经确立。目的1.调查：1a)e- 卷烟产品多样性与电子烟的吸引力和兴趣，使用创新的受试者内实验- 心理设计，包括接触产品和营销的静态图像，以及嵌入Vape云的GIF 在计算机化调查界面中(在行政核心和其他项目的协助下开发)， 1b)对电子烟感兴趣，随后开始使用电子烟；1c)通过各种形式的产品营销曝光 电子烟启动的渠道。目的2.评估电子烟的启动与烟草的关系 产品使用结果(即电子烟和香烟转为正常使用、依赖和戒烟)， 和2b)电子烟的产品特征和(通过几个渠道)与烟草制品的营销接触- UCT使用结果。目的3.评估产品特性和市场营销与Out-Out之间的关联 在目标1和目标2中观察到的结果在基线从不吸烟者和吸烟者之间存在差异。与“国际互联网”的融合 主题：P3将研究电子烟产品的各个领域-- 与其他USC-TCORS项目研究的领域重叠和补充的Verity。P3唯一 通过比较年轻时的吸烟者(24岁)来解决该中心的人口多样性问题 和从不吸烟的人一起。P3还将按性别、种族/民族、性取向和 社会经济地位。FDA涉及的科学领域：成瘾、行为和营销。

ABSTRACT: PROJECT 3 (P3) Background: Electronic (e)-cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco product in adolescents and young adults. E-cigarette use is associated with subsequent cigarette initiation in this population. E-cigarette product diversity (i.e., product characteristics and associated marketing strategies) could be a target for FDA product standards and marketing restrictions to reduce the adverse impact of e-cigarettes in young people. Yet, there has been little evidence on this topic. P3 will test hypothesized e-cigarette product characteristics and marketing strategies that may attract never-smokers and put them at risk for tobacco product use but do not affect the likelihood that young smokers will adopt and switch to e-cigarettes. Such data will inform regulatory policies that meet FDA’s mission to ‘protect the population as a whole.’ Example hypothesized product features that may disproportionately attract never smokers (vs. smokers) include sweet flavors (vs. tobacco or other flavors), de- vices and e-liquid compositions used to generate large aerosol clouds for “vape tricks’ (vs. devices that look and feel like cigarettes), and youth-oriented marketing strategies for e-liquid naming, such as “Kustard Killer,” and packaging with (vs. without) cartoon images. Method: P3 will test these hypotheses in a large Center-wide USC- TCORS cohort (N=6400) overseen by the Population Core. Rich longitudinally collected data, including up to 8 years of cumulative follow-up will span critical developmental windows from 14-24 years of age, during which lifelong tobacco use patterns have historically been established. Aim 1. To investigate the association of: 1a) e- cigarette product diversity with appeal and interest in e-cigarettes, using an innovative within-subject experi- mental design including exposure to still images of products and marketing, and GIFs of vape clouds embedded in computerized survey interface (developed with assistance from the Administrative Core and other projects), 1b) e-cigarette interest with subsequent e-cigarette initiation, and 1c) product marketing exposure via various channels with e-cigarette initiation. Aim 2. To evaluate the association of 2a) e-cigarette initiation with tobacco product use outcomes (i.e., e-cigarette and cigarette progression to regular use, dependence, and cessation), and 2b) e-cigarette product characteristics and marketing exposures (via several channels) with tobacco prod- uct use outcomes. Aim 3. To evaluate whether associations of product characteristics and marketing with out- comes observed in Aims 1 and 2 differ between baseline never-smokers and smokers. Integration with “Inter- sections of Products with Populations” theme: P3 will study a variety of domains of e-cigarette product di- versity that overlap with and complement domains studied by the other USC-TCORS projects. P3 uniquely addresses population diversity in the Center by comparing current smokers while they are still young (age <24) with never-smokers. P3 will also examine differential associations by sex, race/ethnicity, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status. FDA Scientific domains addressed: Addiction, Behavior, and Marketing.