Amazonian Center of Excellence in Malaria Research

亚马逊国际疟疾研究卓越中心的总体研究目标是 组织一个全面的办法来了解亚马逊疟疾的生物特征， 区域控制和消灭恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫的最终目标。虽然过去 亚马逊流域ICEMR主要关注间日疟原虫，因为它在该地区的影响更大， 鉴于巴西和秘鲁的事态发展，恶性疟原虫也将是我们工作的一个重点。在国家一级 在巴西，国家疟疾控制计划已将恶性疟原虫作为消灭工作的主要重点。 恶性疟疾在巴西亚马逊河流域西部的茹鲁瓦山谷仍然非常流行。在秘鲁， 2010年全球基金支持的疟疾控制工作停止后，恶性疟原虫重新出现， 严重的公共卫生威胁。亚马逊ICEMR最近与洛雷托卫生部的会议 看到了对这种重新出现的高度关注，以及该部对利用 亚马逊ICEMR的研究优势，以解决这一紧急和及时的问题。总的来说，我们预计 这些经验教训将有助于实现全球消灭疟疾的宏伟目标。 亚马逊ICEMR在巴西和秘鲁有5个流行病学上不同的疟疾流行地点。项目1 重点是疟疾流行病学，并采取多学科方法研究不同的传播 使用社会人口学分析、分子生物学和生物学方法， 流行病学和基因组学，以及数学建模，以整合所有三个ICEMR项目，包括 项目2侧重于病媒生态学和传播生物学，项目3侧重于 无症状寄生虫血症和临床免疫的免疫学机制，并发现 临床免疫（无症状寄生虫血症）与非免疫（急性，有症状 疟疾）。我们的长期目标是发展新的消除战略的科学基础， 在亚马逊地区部署了这种疫苗，对其他疟疾流行地区具有广泛的普遍性。这个拟议的中心 因此在秘鲁和巴西亚马逊地区采取了一种全面的疟疾研究方法， 该文件将用于向巴西和秘鲁卫生部以及泛美卫生组织的官员提供信息， 本组织与亚马逊疟疾倡议合作，制定消除疟疾的新办法 基于科学数据的政策。

The overall research aim of the Amazonian International Center of Excellence in Malaria Research is to organize a comprehensive approach to understanding the biological features of Amazonian malaria towards the ultimate goal of regional control and elimination of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax. While in the past the Amazonian ICEMR focused primarily on P. vivax because of its greater impact in the region, given recent developments in both Brazil and Peru, P. falciparum will also be a focus of our work. At the national level in Brazil, the national malaria control program has made P. falciparum a primary focus of elimination efforts, as P. falciparum malaria remains highly prevalent in the Juruá Valley in western Brazilian Amazonia. In Peru, after the cessation of Global Fund-supported malaria control efforts in 2010, P. falciparum has reemerged as an important public health threat. The Amazonian ICEMR's recent meetings with the Loreto Ministry of Health witnessed the high level of concern about this re-emergence and the Ministry's interest in harnessing the Amazonian ICEMR's research strengths to addressing this emergent and timely issue. Overall, we anticipate that the lessons learned will contribute towards the audacious goal of global malaria eradication. The Amazonian ICEMR has 5 epidemiologically distinct malaria-endemic sites in Brazil and Peru. Project 1 focuses on malaria epidemiology and takes multidisciplinary approaches to study distinct transmission patterns in the Brazilian and Peruvian malaria-endemic sites using socio-demographic analysis, molecular epidemiology and genomics, and mathematical modeling to integrate all three ICEMR Projects, including Project 2, which focuses on vector ecology and transmission biology, and Project 3, which focuses on immunological mechanisms of asymptomatic parasitemia and clinical immunity, and to discover biosignatures of clinically immune (asymptomatic parasitemia) vs non-immune (acute, symptomatic malaria). Our long-term goal is to develop the scientific underpinnings of novel elimination strategies to be deployed in Amazonia, with broad generalizability to other malaria-endemic regions. This proposed Center therefore takes on a comprehensive approach to malaria research in the Peruvian and Brazilian Amazon, which will be used to inform Ministries of Health in Brazil and Peru, and officials of the Pan American Health Organization and the Amazonian Malaria Initiative, of new approaches to develop malaria elimination policies based on scientific data.