MULTIDIMENSIONAL DYNAMICS OF THE VESTIBULO-OCULAR REFLEX

一种新的概念性方法来模拟视觉-前庭相互作用， 已经开发了三维速度存储器。 的基础 该方法是速度存储的表征， 系统矩阵的特征值和特征向量。 该表征 是空间定向的客观量度， 模型预测与眼速数据的比较 重力的作用。 该模型已经过测试， 视动性眼震（OKN）和视动性后眼震（OKAN） 包括猴子和人类。 从结果来看， 速度存储器对空间的人类感知的定向 垂直。 提出了基于模型的实验，使我们能够 确定梯度运动时速度存储器的方向 环境，在增益自适应之后表征其方向 的前庭眼反射（VOR），并找到神经基础， 空间定向 关闭后停止后的眼速- 将分析垂直轴旋转（OVAR），以确定空间 方向受到半规管激活的影响， 倾斜并受到先前连续旋转的重力矢量的作用。 我们还将研究速度存储的方向如何受到 离心法 这种刺激会旋转力场的方向 相对于头部，也增加了它的大小。 的取向 OVAR后停车后的速度存储参数， 将离心结果与OKAN期间获得的结果进行比较。 的 VOR自适应对速度存储方向的影响 也将被研究。 增益眼速度相对于 刺激轴 将确定速度存储是否保持 它的重力依赖的方向或适应与增益一致 适应 脑内速度扫视（VPS）单位的神经基础 前庭神经核（VN）。 最近的研究表明， 在OKN、OKAN、VOR和OVAR过程中，VO和VPS神经元的放电具有动态性， 速度存储的特性。 外侧的放电频率， 在相同的时间内，前和后通道相关VO和VPS单位 将记录前庭和视动刺激。 平均特征值 与响应曲线相关的特征向量将与 这些都是从眼动速度中获得的。 我们的假设是 通过分析单位活动获得的参数将与 通过分析单元活动获得的取向参数将 与眼睛速度相关的方向参数相同。 这项研究应该能更好地理解空间取向 运动过程中的补偿性凝视运动以及方向如何 受VOR增益自适应的影响。 我们也会有一个更清晰的想法 前庭系统的神经组织 速度存储和空间定位编码。

A new conceptual approach to model visual-vestibular interaction and velocity storage in three dimensions has been developed. The basis for the approach is the characterization of velocity storage by the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of its system matrix. This characterization is an objective measure of spatial orientation and enables a direct comparison between model prediction and data of eye velocity as a function of gravity. The model has been tested against experiments on optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) and optokinetic after-nystagmus (OKAN) in both monkeys and humans. From the result, it has been possible to link orientation of velocity storage to human perception of the spatial vertical. Model-based experiments are proposed that will enable us to determine the orientate of velocity storage when moving in a gradational environment, characterize its orientation following adaption of the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR), and find the neural basis for the spatial orientation. Eye velocity following stopping after off- verticals-axis-rotation (OVAR) will be analyzed to determine how spatial orientation is affected by activation of the semicircular canals while titled and being subjected to a prior continuous rotating gravity vector. We will also examine how orientation of velocity storage is affected by centrifugation. This stimulus rotates the direction of the force fields relative to the head and also increases its magnitude. The orientation parameters of velocity storage following stopping after OVAR and centrifugation will be compared to those obtained during OKAN. The affects of adaptation of the VOR on the orientation of velocity storage will also be studied. Gain eye velocity is rotated relative to the stimulus axis. It will be determined whether velocity storage maintains its gravity dependent orientation or adapts coincident with the gain adaption. The neural basis for velocity saccade (VPS) units in the vestibular nuclei (VN). Recent work has shown that the frequency of firing of VO and VPS neurons during OKN, OKAN, VOR, and OVAR has dynamic characteristic of velocity storage. The frequency of firing of lateral, anterior, and posterior canal related VO and VPS units during identical vestibular and optokinetic stimuli will be recorded. Average eigenvalues and eigenvectors associated with the response curves will be compared to those obtained from eye velocity. Our hypothesis is that the orientation parameters obtained by analyzing the unit activity will be the same as the orientation parameters obtained by analyzing the unit activity will be the same as the orientation parameters associated with eye velocity. This research should give a better understanding of spatial orientation of compensatory gaze movement during locomotion and how orientation is affected by gain adaptation of the VOR. We will also have a clearer idea about the neural organization in the vestibular system that produces velocity storage and the coding for spatial orientating.