Developing research leaders at the intersection of malnutrition and tuberculosis in Tanzania

摘要/摘要 在非大流行时期，结核病是一种可治愈的传染病在全球范围内的头号杀手。 营养不良相关的免疫抑制是潜伏分枝杆菌转化的最重要驱动因素 从结核病感染到活动性结核病。然而，结核病本身会加剧营养不良，而身体上的， 结核病治疗的社会和经济后果都容易导致持续性营养不良的后遗症。这个 联合国和世界卫生组织的结束结核病战略建议扩大研究培训 在结核病流行环境中的科学家熟练地完成了最终的结核病研究目标。鉴于研究人员和 来自弗吉尼亚大学(UVA)和坦桑尼亚的教育工作者目前正在进行合作研究 营养不良和结核病的多个领域，我们进行了全国范围的需求评估，以绘制 《非洲研究领导力之路》报告中确定的成功研究领导者的能力 2020年。然后，我们设计了当前的全球传染病研究培训计划(GIDRTP-D43 TW012247，现已授予第二年)，用于培训6名坦桑尼亚博士后科学家在研究领导方面的卓越表现 营养不良和结核病的交集，以及研究团队管理的组成部分， 沟通、拨款撰写、专业精神和职业轨迹。坦桑尼亚博士后科学家获得 3年的薪资支持，与战略研究所的UVA和坦桑尼亚教员一起指导，并领导团队 来自弗吉尼亚大学的教职员工科学家、坦桑尼亚硕士学生和本科生(每个博士后2人 科学家领导的团队)利用虚拟/在线参与的eGlobal计划。 虽然弗吉尼亚大学不同学校的本科生对参加GIDRTP和 电子全球计划，大多数人以前有过全球旅行经验，并不认为在 健康科学。此外，目前的eGlobal计划不提供终结性的旅行体验 坦桑尼亚。这份补充材料将1)招收和留住8名人数不足的本科生 在健康科学方面，在全球研究活动中进行了一年的纵向实习，并进行了总结- 关于他们的坦桑尼亚博士后科学家领导的团队在坦桑尼亚的研究经验；2)通过 在实习期间提供公平的津贴补偿；3)为本科生提供UVA教员指导的培训 在全球卫生事业跟踪、跨文化研究协作方法和旅行前后咨询方面； 4)提高坦桑尼亚博士后科学家的研究团队领导技能 融合不同生活背景的本科生。我们期待eGlobal的这次改编 针对全球健康科学中代表性不足的少数群体的计划可以扩展到其他培训计划 和科学焦点。

ABSTRACT/ SUMMARY In non-pandemic periods, tuberculosis (TB) is the leading killer worldwide from a curable infectious disease. Malnutrition related immunosuppression is the most important driver of conversion from latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to active TB disease. Yet TB disease itself worsens malnutrition, while the physical, social and economic consequences of TB treatment all predispose to sequelae of persistent malnutrition. The United Nations and World Health Organization’s End TB Strategy recommends scaling-up of research training of scientists in TB endemic settings skilled in the End TB research goals. Given that researchers and educators from the University of Virginia (UVA) and Tanzania are currently working in collaborative research in multiple domains of malnutrition and TB, we performed a countrywide needs assessment to map the competencies of successful research leaders identified in the Path to Research Leadership Report in Africa 2020. We then designed the current Global Infectious Diseases Research Training Program (GIDRTP- D43 TW012247, now grant year 2), to train 6 postdoctoral Tanzanian scientists in research leadership excellence at the intersection of malnutrition and TB, and within the components of research team management, communication, grant writing, professionalism and career trajectory. Tanzanian postdoctoral scientists receive 3 years of salary support, mentorship with UVA and Tanzanian faculty at strategic institutes, and lead a team of staff scientists, Tanzanian Master’s students, and undergraduate students from UVA (2 per postdoctoral scientist led team) utilizing the eGlobal program of virtual/online engagement. While interest is high for undergraduates across varied schools at UVA for participation in the GIDRTP and eGlobal program, the majority have prior global travel experience and do not identify as underrepresented in health sciences. Furthermore, the current eGlobal program does not provide a summative travel experience to Tanzania. This supplement will 1) recruit and retain 8 new undergraduate students that are underrepresented in health sciences for a year’s longitudinal internship in global research engagement and a summative hands- on research experience in Tanzania with their Tanzanian postdoctoral scientist-led team; 2) do so through equitable compensation of stipend during the internship; 3) provide UVA faculty led training for undergraduates in global health career tracks, methods of cross-cultural research collaboration, and pre/post travel counseling; and 4) advance the research team leadership skills of the Tanzanian postdoctoral scientists following the integration of undergraduates with diverse lived backgrounds. We expect this adaptation of the eGlobal program for underrepresented minorities in global health sciences can be scaled to other training programs and scientific foci.