Susceptibility to Smoking Initiation Among Young Rural-Urban Migrants in China

描述（由申请人提供）：根据中华人民共和国2000年的人口普查，中国大约有1.21亿农村移民到城市。据估计，未来5-10年，中国的流动人口将以每年500万的速度增长。歧视、快速流动、生活和就业条件的不稳定以及城市生活方式影响的增加，都可能导致对危险行为的脆弱性增加。其中一种行为是女性开始吸烟。对这一弱势群体的研究很少（因为1996年只有4.6%的女性是吸烟者），但这一群体已成为烟草业市场扩张、细分和品牌发展的目标。我们以前进行了烟草行业文件研究，概述了跨国烟草行业的目标活动，在年轻妇女中进行焦点小组以确定研究主题，并对18-24岁的在校妇女进行了大样本调查。此外，我们还完成了一项针对酒店、餐厅和娱乐业职业女性的试点研究，以测试我们的调查结果，并为这一人群提供机会。我们建议对在酒店、餐饮和娱乐行业工作的农村-城市流动妇女进行行为调查，以评估其吸烟易感性；承认针对妇女的直接和间接广告；以及中国人对烟草使用的知识、态度和行为。我们还建议使用一种新的数据收集和管理方法（手持辅助个人访谈系统[HAPI]）来进行这种行为研究，以帮助北京协和医学院和中国疾病控制中心（CDC）发展研究能力。本研究结果将为中国疾病预防控制中心制定针对中国年轻城乡流动妇女弱势群体的干预措施提供参考。公共卫生相关性：本项目将对从农村到城市务工的中国年轻女性进行行为调查。他们特别容易受到行为风险的影响，包括开始吸烟。我们将使用掌上电脑在10个城市地区的健康检查站和工作场所收集妇女的数据。这将有助于制定预防中国年轻女性开始吸烟的干预计划。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): According to the Year 2000 census in the Peoples Republic of China, there were approximately 121 million rural-to-urban migrants in China. It is estimated that the migrant population in China will grow at the rate of 5 million per year over the next 5-10 years. Discrimination, rapid mobility, instability of living and employment conditions, and increased influence of urban lifestyles are all factors that likely contribute to increased vulnerability to risk behaviors. One of these behaviors is the initiation of smoking among women. Little research on this vulnerable group has been done (since only 4.6% of women were current smokers in 1996), yet this group has been targeted by the tobacco industry for market expansion, segmentation, and brand development. We have previously conducted tobacco industry document research outlining targeting activity by the multinational tobacco industry, focus groups among young women to identify research themes, and a large sample survey of school-based women ages 18-24 years. In addition, we completed a pilot study of hotel, restaurant, and entertainment working women to test our survey and access opportunities to this subpopulation. We propose to conduct a behavioral survey among rural-urban migrant women working in the hotel, restaurant, and entertainment industries to assess susceptibility to smoking initiation; recognition of direct and indirect advertising directed towards women; and knowledge about, attitudes toward, and behavior regarding tobacco use in China. We also propose to use a novel data collection and management method (a Handheld Assisted Personal Interview system [HAPI]) for this behavior research in order to help develop research capacity within the Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Centers for Disease Control (CDC). The results of this research will be of use to the Chinese CDC in planning interventions specific to the vulnerable population of young Chinese rural-urban migrant women. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project will conduct a behavioral survey of young Chinese women who migrant for work from rural to urban areas. They are particularly vulnerable to behavioral risks, including smoking initiation. We will use handheld pocket computers to collect data from women in health examination stations and work venues in 10 urban areas. This will permit intervention planning for prevention of smoking initiation among young Chinese women.