Formation of the Enamel-Dentin Interface

拟议研究的目的是提高我们对基本物理化学的了解。 牙釉质初始矿化和牙本质-牙釉质界面形成的机制。釉质 矿化始于一层矿化牙本质的表面，这可能在初始阶段起重要作用。 釉质形成。牙本质和牙釉质是两种矿化组织，其力学和力学性能截然不同。 结构性能通常可共同使用数十年，不会出现故障。如此杰出的一位 机械耐力需要这两种组织之间非常牢固的结合。关于牙齿的研究- 相关的遗传疾病和基因敲除动物证明牙本质-牙釉质的正确形成 界面对于牙齿的正常功能是必不可少的。界面稳定性问题也是非常重要的 关于组织修复，在这种情况下，由于组织和组织之间的弱界面而发生植入失败 维修材料。在初始矿化过程中，牙本质和釉质组织之间可能存在相互作用。 在这个至关重要的界面的正确形成中扮演着重要的角色。我们假设 在牙釉质和牙本质交界处开始矿化是一种高度整合的 专门的过程，对于这个机械上坚固的界面的正确形成是必不可少的。我们也是 假设该界面的初始牙釉质形成机制与其他界面不同 釉质发生的各个阶段。我们已经确定了区分初始牙釉质形成的三个主要因素 从釉质形成的后期：1)牙本质矿物出现在最初的釉质形成部位； 瞬变矿物相的存在；3)在初始位置具有独特的大分子组成 釉质形成。因此，我们建议对牙本质-牙釉质界面的形成进行全面研究。 利用体内和体外的各种方法来更好地了解糖尿病的基本机制 最初的釉质形成。具体地说，我们在Aim1中提出：研究牙本质和 釉质初始矿化部位的釉质晶体，特别强调外延关系 在牙本质和牙釉质晶体之间；目标2：研究瞬时无定形矿物相在牙本质和牙釉质晶体中的作用 牙釉质形成的初始阶段；目标3：研究牙釉质形成初期的大分子组成 牙釉质矿化地点，特别强调蛋白质-矿物相互作用，并阐明 这些大分子和超分子集合体在牙釉质形成初期的可能作用 使用一种机械方法，在一系列体外矿化实验中。我们期待着结果 这项研究将提高我们对参与形成的基本过程的认识 牙本质-牙釉质界面有望导致新的先进材料和/或 矿化组织修复程序。

The purpose of the proposed studies is to improve our understanding of the basic physico-chemical mechanisms of initial enamel mineralization and formation of the dentin-enamel interface. Enamel mineralization starts at the surface of a layer of mineralized dentin, which may play an important role in initial enamel formation. Dentin and enamel are two mineralized tissues with strikingly different mechanical and structural properties that normally perform jointly for tens of years, without failure. Such an outstanding mechanical endurance requires an extraordinarily strong bond between these two tissues. Studies of tooth- related genetic disorders and knockout animals demonstrate that the correct formation of the dentin-enamel interface is essential for the proper tooth function. The problem of interface stability is also very important with respect to tissue repair, where often implant failure occurs due to a weak interface between tissues and repair materials. It is likely that interactions between dentin and enamel tissues during initial mineralization play an important role in the proper formation of this critically important interface. We hypothesize that the onset of mineralization at the boundary between enamel and dentin is a highly integrated and specialized process, essential for the proper formation of this mechanically robust interface. Wealso hypothesize that the mechanism of initial enamel formation at this interface is different from other stages of amelogenesis. We have identified three major factors that distinguish initial enamel formation from later stages of amelogenesis: 1) the presence of dentin mineral at the site of initial enamel formation; 2) the presence of transient mineral phases; and 3) a unique macromolecular composition at the site of initial enamel formation. Thus, we propose a comprehensive study of the formation of the dentin-enamel interface using a variety of in vivo and in vitro approaches to gain a better understanding of basic mechanisms of initial enamel formation. Specifically, we propose in Aim1: To study the interactions between dentin and enamel crystals at the site of initial enamel mineralization, with special emphasis on the epitaxial relationship between dentin and enamel crystals; in Aim 2: To study the role of transient amorphous mineral phases in initial stages of enamel formation; and in Aim 3: To study the macromolecular composition at the initial enamel mineralization site with special emphasis on protein-mineral interactions, and to elucidate the possible functions of these macromolecules and supra-molecular assemblies in initial enamel formation using a mechanistic approach, in a series of in vitro mineralization experiments. We expect that the results of this study will improve our knowledge of the basic processes involved in the formation of the dentin-enamel interface that will hopefully lead to the development of new advanced materials and/or procedures for mineralized tissue repair.