Academic Centers of Excellence in Youth Violence Prevention

描述(由申请人提供)： 卓越学术中心：丹佛合作减少青少年暴力。预防青少年暴力的努力主要侧重于解决青少年暴力问题的单一方法。这一方法已经产生了一些针对青少年问题行为的循证方案和战略，这些方案和战略在各种环境(即学校、社会服务)中实施，目标人口和年龄组各不相同。更有限的研究考察了将单流努力结合成多方面(MF)方法以影响更普遍的社区范围结果的效果。暴力研究和预防中心建议在丹佛建立一个卓越学术中心(ACE)，以启动MF-EB方法来解决青少年暴力问题。拟议的研究将加强与全社会预防工作研究相关的研究机构，并将促进我们对在这一实施层面上“什么是有效的”的理解。近期和长期目标是：1)与东北公园山(NEPE)社区相比，降低蒙贝洛社区10-24岁青少年的暴力水平；2)实施和评估MF-EB初级预防/干预方法；3)为青少年暴力预防研究人员提供行为科学、公共卫生和青少年医学方面的培训；4)为医生提供识别和治疗青少年暴力的培训；以及5)将通过ACE协调的活动纳入现有的青少年服务社区基础设施，以确保拨款完成后的可持续性。参与这项研究的地点是丹佛市两个风险最高的住宅区。公共安全数据(2009年)显示，在蒙贝洛，每1000人的总体犯罪率为53.3，相关暴力犯罪率为11.3。在尼泊尔，每1000人的总体犯罪率为71.1，相关的暴力犯罪率为13.5。10-24岁青少年因袭击而住院的数据显示，两个社区报告的9年(2000-09)邮政编码(丹佛市住院邮政编码的前10%)平均每年有10.9次住院。丹佛公立学校的数据显示，蒙贝洛和尼泊尔学校(2008年至2009学年)的打斗率分别为每1,000名学生81.46人和125.03人。蒙贝洛每1 000名学生的违法率为122.65，尼泊尔为100.38。暴力违法率为每1,000名学生停学或开除(2009-10学年)。为了研究在高危社区预防青少年暴力的MF-EB方法的效果，该项目将实施EB社区一级的联盟，并采用公共卫生方法。学校和社区调查将确定风险和保护因素。将制定一项有特别工作组的社区行动计划，以处理优先事项。卫生保健专业人员将接受培训，使用暴力、伤害保护和风险筛查来确定有可能遭受未来暴力的青年，以便将卫生保健环境纳入模式。最后，ACE将通过一系列研讨会和直接参与暴力预防研究，培训医疗提供者以及公共卫生和行为科学研究人员进行暴力预防研究。 与公共卫生相关：拟议的项目将与一个社区组织合作，在科罗拉多州丹佛市的一个高危社区实施预防青少年暴力的活动。预防活动的目标是降低邻里青少年暴力水平，并将仔细研究减少青少年暴力活动的成功。此外，该项目将通过提供确定暴力风险和确定干预选择的工具，将初级保健环境纳入青少年暴力预防活动，并将培训医生、医务人员和研究人员开展暴力预防活动和研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Academic Centers for Excellence: Denver Collaborative to Reduce Youth Violence. Youth violence prevention efforts have primarily focused on single stream methods to address youth violence. This approach has yielded a number of evidence-based (EB) programs and strategies that target youth problem behaviors, implemented in a variety of settings (i.e., school, social services), with varying target populations and age groups. More limited research has examined the effects of combining single stream efforts into multi-faceted (MF) approaches to affect more pervasive community-wide outcomes. The Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence proposes to develop an Academic Center of Excellence (ACE) in Denver to initiate a MF-EB approach to addressing youth violence. The proposed study will enhance the body of research associated with studies on community-wide prevention efforts and will advance our understanding of "what works" at this level of implementation. Immediate and long-term goals are to 1) reduce levels of violence among those aged 10-24 in the Montbello neighborhood, compared to the Northeast Park Hill (NEPH) neighborhood, 2) implement and evaluate a MF- EB primary prevention/intervention approach, 3) provide training for junior youth violence prevention researchers in behavioral science, public health, and adolescent medicine, 4) provide training to medical practitioners to recognize and treat youth violence, and 5) embed activities coordinated through the ACE into the existing community infrastructure of youth services to ensure sustainability after completion of the grant. The sites participating in this study are two of Denver's most high- risk residential neighborhoods. Public Safety data (2009) show that in Montbello, the overall crime rate per 1,000 people was 53.3 and the associated violent crime rate was 11.3. In NEPH, the overall crime rate per 1,000 people was 71.1 and the associated violent crime rate was 13.5. Data on hospitalizations for assault among ages 10-24 show that both communities reported an average of 10.9 hospitalizations a year over 9 years (2000-09) for their respective zip codes (the top 10% of zip codes for hospitalizations in Denver). Denver Public School data show that rates for fighting in Montbello and NEPH schools (2008-09 school years) were 81.46 and 125.03 per 1,000 students, respectively. Rates for offenses, including violent offenses, which resulted in out of school suspensions or expulsion (2009-10 school year) per 1,000 students were 122.65 in Montbello and 100.38 for NEPH. To study the effects of a MF-EB approach to prevent youth violence in a high- risk community, the project will implement an EB community-level coalition with a public health approach. School and community surveys will identify risk and protective factors. A community action plan with an MF will be developed to address priorities. Health care professionals will be trained to use a Violence Injury Protection and Risk Screen to identify youth at risk for future violence to integrate the health care setting into the model. Finally, the ACE will train medical providers and public health and behavioral science researchers in violence prevention research through a series of seminars and direct involvement in violence prevention research. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project will work with a neighborhood organization to implement youth violence prevention activities in a high-risk neighborhood of Denver, Colorado. The goal of the prevention activities is to reduce the level of neighborhood youth violence and the success of the activities to reduce youth violence will be carefully studied. In addition, the project will integrate primary health care settings into youth violence prevention activities by providing tools for determining risk for violence and identification of intervention options, and will train doctors, medical personnel, and research scientists in violence prevention activities and research.