Impact of Retail Tobacco Advertising on Youth Smoking

 描述(申请人提供)：加味烟草产品价格便宜，甜美，对年轻人有吸引力。2009年，《联邦吸烟预防和烟草控制法案》禁止了薄荷醇以外的调味香烟，但很少的雪茄和雪茄(称为小雪茄)仍然以各种水果、甜味和酒精/鸡尾酒的口味出售。电子烟有7500多种口味，包括水蜜桃、非常香草和Tutti Frutti口香糖。此外，作为吸烟的低成本替代品的小雪茄和电子烟的零售营销可能有助于它们在青少年中越来越受欢迎。该提案寻求继续提供资金，以更好地了解零售烟草营销对青少年烟草使用的影响，重点从研究香烟转向研究香烟替代品/补充物。具体地说，这项纵向研究的目的是：(1)测试青少年接触加味小雪茄和电子烟的零售营销是否与过去一个月和在两个时间点使用这些产品的几率更高有关；(2)检查加味小雪茄和电子烟的促销和价格如何随着时间的推移而变化，以及作为附近学校的学生人口统计和附近学龄居民比例的函数；(3)表征当地烟草零售商许可证的优势，并测试许可证更强是否预示着加味产品的价格更高；以及(4)向联邦、州和地方利益攸关方传播研究结果，这些利益攸关方涉及对烟草产品和营销的监管。为了实现这些目标，有关青少年使用小雪茄和电子烟的数据将从加州学生烟草调查(CSTS)中获得，这是为加州烟草控制计划(2015-16和2017-18学年)进行的两年一次的监督调查。CSTS的每一次管理都将收到大约25,000名学生(6-12年级)的回复，这些学生来自140所按地区分层的学校。在CSTS调查的同时，训练有素的观察员将在接受调查的学校步行距离内随机抽样500家持牌烟草零售商，评估加味小雪茄和电子烟的供应、放置、促销和价格。烟草零售商与学校的距离将使用校园边界文件的地理信息系统数据集来确定，该数据集比以前的方法更能反映学校环境。多水平建模将测试，在根据个人水平的特征和学校水平的人口统计进行调整后，加味小雪茄和电子烟的更大促销和更低的价格是否与附近学校的学生现在和曾经使用的更高几率有关。拟议的研究将通过促进我们对与零售和推广加香烟草产品相关的健康风险的了解，为烟草控制政策和监管科学提供信息。 在学校附近。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Flavored tobacco products are cheap, sweet, and appealing to youth. The Federal Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act banned flavored cigarettes other than menthol in 2009, but little cigars and cigarillos (referred to as small cigar) are still sold in a variety of fruit, sweet, and alcohol/cocktail flavors. Electronic cigarettes ar sold in more than 7,500 flavors, including Juicy Peach, Very Vanilla, and Tutti Frutti Gumballs. In addition, retail marketing of small cigars and e-cigarettes as low-cost alternatives to cigarette smoking likely contributes to their growing popularity among adolescents. This proposal seeks continued funding to better understand the impact of retail tobacco marketing on adolescent tobacco use, with a change in focus from studying cigarettes to cigarette substitutes/complements. Specifically, this longitudinal study aims to: (1) test whether adolescents' exposure to retail marketing for flavored small cigars and e-cigarettes is associated with higher odds of past-month and ever use of these products at two timepoints; (2) examine how promotion and price of flavored small cigars and e-cigarettes change over time and as a function of student demography at nearby schools and the proportion of school-age residents in the neighborhood; (3) characterize the strength of local tobacco retailer licensing and test whether stronger licensing predicts higher prices for flavored products; and (4) disseminate research results to federal, state and local stakeholders concerned with regulating tobacco products and marketing. To accomplish these aims, data about adolescents' use of small cigars and e- cigarettes will be obtained from the California Student Tobacco Survey (CSTS), a biennial surveillance survey conducted for the California Tobacco Control Program (in academic years 2015-16 and 2017-18). Each administration of the CSTS will yield responses from approximately 25,000 students (grades 6-12) attending 140 schools that are stratified by region. In conjunction with the CSTS surveys, trained observers will assess the availability, placement, promotion and price of flavored small cigars and e-cigarettes in a random sample of 500 licensed tobacco retailers within walking distance of the surveyed schools. The proximity of tobacco retailers to schools will be determined using a GIS dataset of campus boundary files that better reflects the school environment than previous methods. Multilevel modeling will test whether greater promotion and lower prices of flavored small cigars and e-cigarettes is associated with higher odds of current and ever use by students at nearby schools, adjusting for both individual-level characteristics and school-level demographics. The proposed research would inform tobacco control policy and regulatory science by advancing our understanding of the health risks associated with the retail availability and promotion of flavored tobacco products near schools.