Identification of candidate components of a novel Bordetella avium vaccine to prevent turkey coryza

禽波氏杆菌感染火鸡的呼吸道，引起火鸡鼻炎，其主要特征是鼻分泌物。这种疾病通常与受影响的禽类体重增加不佳有关。在大多数情况下，这种鸟会在两到四周内消除感染。然而，禽类巴氏杆菌感染的一个重要并发症是对鸟类呼吸道的破坏，使其更容易受到其他继发性感染。因此，禽类巴氏杆菌感染不仅会导致火鸡鼻炎，还会增加其他更严重的感染的发生率。目前用于预防火鸡感染禽类巴氏杆菌的疫苗效果不佳，并且含有特征不佳的减毒菌株。现代疫苗学已经远远超越了使用这些鲜为人知的毒株作为疫苗的过程。合理的疫苗设计，特别是使用纯化的细菌成分来配制无细胞疫苗，是生产有效疫苗以预防感染的更成功的方法。该项目将确定与其定植和破坏火鸡呼吸道能力有关的禽类芽孢杆菌成分，以此作为开发新型有效疫苗以保护火鸡免受禽类芽孢杆菌感染的起点。消除或显著减少商业火鸡群中的禽类巴氏杆菌感染将有助于减轻火鸡生产者承受的疾病负担。火鸡产业是加拿大经济活动的重要来源，火鸡生产工艺的改进将给该产业和加拿大带来巨大的经济效益。

The bacterium Bordetella avium infects the respiratory tract of turkeys to cause turkey coryza that is mainly characterised by nasal discharge. This disease is often associated with poor weight gain of affected birds. In most cases the bird will clear the infection within two to four weeks. However, an important complication of B. avium infection is damage to the bird's respiratory tract that renders it more susceptible to other secondary infections. Thus, B. avium infection not only leads to turkey coryza but also to an increased incidence of other, more serious infections. Current vaccines to prevent B. avium infection of turkeys do not work well and comprise poorly characterised attenuated strains of the bacterium. Modern vaccinology has progressed well beyond the process of using such poorly understood strains as vaccines. Rational vaccine design, particularly using purified components of bacteria to formulate an acellular vaccine, is a far more successful approach to producing effective vaccines to prevent infection. This project will identify the B. avium components involved in its ability to colonise and damage the turkey respiratory tract as the starting point to developing a novel and effective vaccine to protect turkeys against B. avium infection. Eliminating or significantly decreasing B. avium infections among commercial turkey flocks will help to reduce the burden of disease endured by turkey producers. This industry is an important source of economic activity in Canada and improvements to turkey production processes will result in significant economic benefits to the industry and to Canada.