Multi-channel digital oscilloscope and logical analyzer for the multi-event injection analysis of diesel engines

先进的共轨柴油发动机能够进行多事件燃油喷射，并具有动态喷射压力控制功能。缸内预混燃烧可以通过提前预喷、调节喷油速率和多点点火的数字化燃烧控制策略得到有效的强化。配备现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)器件的嵌入式控制器已被编程，通过曲柄角度分辨率喷油正时和时间分辨率喷油持续时间控制，每个循环可产生多达10个燃油喷射事件。控制决策需要确定性地做出，并通过嵌入式实时控制器(2.4 GHz)通过现场可编程门阵列板卡(40 MHz)执行。然而，除了现场可编程门阵列卡的物理线程速度外，现场可编程门阵列与RT硬件之间的通信对控制环路的速度施加了限制。同时测量硬件和软件控制算法的每个部分的单独数字动作是至关重要的。一种可以处理这些信号之间复杂交互的设备是具有模拟和逻辑输入通道的高速数字示波器(也称为混合信号示波器或MSO)。MSO还允许高速时序分辨率、快速状态采集和复杂的触发/监控，以识别故障、发现数字逻辑错误和建立/保持变化。拟议的设备将从根本上帮助改进实验室开发的当前控制代码的体系结构，这将有助于显著改善下一代清洁柴油发动机的燃烧过程。

The advanced common-rail diesel engines are capable of multi-event fuel injection with dynamic injection pressure control. The in-cylinder premixed burning can be effectively enhanced through the digital combustion control strategies on early pilot injection, injection rate moderating, and multi-shot scheduling. An embedded controller equipped with a field programmable gate array (FPGA) device has been programmed to produce up to 10 fuel injection events per cycle with crank-angle-resolve injection timing and time-resolved injection duration control. The control decisions need to be made deterministically and be executed through the FPGA card (40MHz) via the embedded real-time controller (2.4GHz). However, in addition to the physical thread speed of the FPGA card, the communication between the FPGA and RT hardware impose limitations on the speed of the control loop. It is critical to simultaneously measure the individual digital action of each section of the hardware and the software control algorithms. One device that can handle the complex interactions between these signals is a high speed digital oscilloscope with analog and logic input channels (also known as a mixed signal oscilloscope or MSO). The MSO also allows high speed timing resolution, fast state acquisition, and sophisticated triggering/monitoring to identify faults, find digital logic errors, and setup/hold variations. The proposed equipment will fundamentally help to improve the architecture of the current control code developed at the laboratory, which will help to significantly improve the combustion processes of the next generation clean diesel engines.